The rise of atheism and unbelief is a key factor in the development of the modern world, yet it has been relatively little explored by historians. This book presents a series of studies of irreligious ideas in various parts of Europe during the two centuries following the Reformation.

Notes on Contributors; Introduction; 1. New Histories of Atheism; 2. Unbelief and Atheism in Italy 1500-1700; 3. Pierre Charron's `Scandalous Book'; 4. The `Christian Atheism' of Thomas Hobbes; 5. The Charge of Atheism and the Language of Radical Speculation 1640-1660; 6. Jewish Anti-Christian Arguments as a Source of Irreligion from the Seventeenth to the Early Nineteenth Century; 7. The First edition of the Traité des trois imposteurs and its Debt to Spinoza's Ethics; 8. `Aikenhead the Atheist': The Context and Consequences of Articulate Irreligion in the Late Seventeenth Century; 9. Disclaimers as Offence Mechanicms in Charles Blount and John Toland; 10. The Atheism of d'Holbach and Naigeon; Index.

'an important and perhaps essential acquisition for the person seriously interested in atheist and freethought history ... The emphasis is scholarly, but the text readable.' Gordon Stein, Free Inquiry, Summer 1993

'an important and perhaps essential acquisition for the person seriously interested in atheist and freethought history ... The emphasis is scholarly, but the text readable.' Gordon Stein, Free Inquiry, Summer 1993 'The book covers some fascinating ground, and provides a stimulating discussion of the conceptual and methodological issues the subject raises. It is suitable for a postgraduate and scholarly audience.' Susan Hardman, Theological Book Review, Vol.6, No. 3, June 1994 'wide-ranging collection of essays... Many readers will find particular value in David Wooton's opening essay, a succinct overview which tackles the conceptual and methodological problems... This lively and important collection provides evidence that the study of early modern atheism has already experienced its resurrection.' Bernard Capp, Early Modern History `Michael Hunter provides a deeply researched account of the latest execution for heresy in Britain, that of Thomas Aikenhead in 1697. This is a rewarding and meticulously presented volume.' Ecclesiastical History vol 46, no 1