The vast majority of plastic products are made from petroleum-based synthetic polymers that do not degrade in a landfill or in a compost-like environment. Therefore, the disposal of these products poses a serious environmental problem. An environmentally-conscious alternative is to design/synthesize polymers that are biodegradable. Biodegradable polymers for industrial applications introduces the subject in part one by outlining the classification and development of biodegradable polymers with individual chapters on polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyesteramides and thermoplastic starch biodegradable polymers and others. The second part explores the materials available for the production of biodegradable polymers. Polymers derived from sugars, natural fibres, renewable forest resources, poly(lactic acid) and protein-nanoparticle composites will be looked at in detail in this section. Part three looks at the properties and mechanisms of degradation, prefacing the subject with a chapter on current standards. The final part explores opportunities for industrial applications, with chapters on packing, agriculture and biodegradable polycaprolactone foams in supercritical carbon dioxide. Biodegradable polymers for industrial applications explores the fundamental concepts concerning the development of biodegradable polymers, degradable polymers from sustainable sources, degradation and properties and industrial applications. It is an authoritative book that will be invaluable for academics, researchers and policy makers in the industry.
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The majority of plastic products are made from petroleum-based synthetic polymers that do not degrade in a landfill or in a compost-like environment. One alternative is to design/synthesize biodegradable polymers. This book introduces the subject by outlining the classification and development of biodegradable polymers.
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IntroductionRay SmithPART 1: CLASSIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENTClassification of biodegradable polymersAnne-Marie Clarinval, Jacques Halleux, CRIF BelgiumIntroduction. Biopolymers from natural origin. Biopolymers from mineral origin. Conclusions. References.PolyhydroxyalkanoatesGuo-Qiang Chen, Tsinghua University, ChinaIntroduction. Mechanical and thermal properties of PHA. Process development and scale up for microbial PHA production. Applications of PHA. Future developments. References.Oxo-biodegradable polyolefinsDavid M. Wiles, Plastichem Consulting, CanadaIntroduction. Polyolefin peroxidation. Control of polyolefin lifetimes. Oxidative degradation after use. Aerobic biodegradation. Applications of oxo-biodegradable polyolefins. Environmental impact. Future developments. References.New developments in the synthesis of aliphatic polyesters by ring-opening polymerisationRobert Jerome & Philippe Lecomte, Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules, University of Liege, BelgiumIntroduction. Synthesis of aliphatic polyesters by ring-opening polymerisation. Reactive extrusion. Supercritical carbon dioxide as a medium for the ring opening polymerisation of lactones and lactides and a processing-aid of aliphatic polyesters. Future developments. Acknowledgements. Bibliography.Biodegradable polyesteramidesPriscilla A.M. Lips and Pieter J. Dijkstra, University of Twente, The NetherlandsIntroduction. Poly(ester amide)s synthesis. Polydepsipeptides. Concluding comments. Further information. References.Thermoplastic starch biodegradable polymersPeter J Halley, Centre High Performance Polymers, School of Engineering, The University of Queensland, AustraliaIntroduction. Properties of starch. Thermoplastic starch and their blends. Modified thermoplastic starch polymers. Commercial applications and products for thermoplastic starch polymers. Thermoplastic starch polymers - looking beyond traditional polymer applications. Future developments. Further information. Acknowledgements.PART 2: MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERSBiodegradable polymers from sugarsAnjanikumar J. Varma, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, IndiaIntroduction. Biodegradable polymers obtained from monosaccharides and disaccharides. Biodegradable polymers obtained from synthetic polysaccharides. Biodegradable polymers obtained from natural polysaccharides. Future developments - "biodegradable" polymers obtained from hemicelluloses. References.Biodegradable polymer composites from natural fibresDavid Plackett, Danish Polymer Centre, Riso National Laboratory, DenmarkIntroduction. Natural fibres as polymer reinforcement. Natural fibre-polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) composites. Natural fibre-polylactide (PLA) composites. Natural fibre-starch composites. Natural fibre-soy resin composites. Natural fibres in combination with synthetic biodegradable polymers. Commercial developments. Conclusion. Further information. References.Biodegradable Polymers from Renewable Forest ResourcesThomas M. Keenan, Stuart W. Tanenbaum and James P. Nakas, College of Environmental Science and Forestry at Syracuse, New York, USALignocellulosic biomass as a renewable and value-added feedstock for biodegradable polymer production. Cellulose: as a platform substrate for degradable polymer synthesis. Hemicellulose and its application as a feedstock for biodegradable polymers. Sources of further information. Conclusions and future developments. References.Poly(lactic acid) based bioplasticsJian-Feng Zhang, Xiuzhu Sun, Dept Grain Science & Industry, Kansas State University, USAIntroduction. Properties of PLA. Blends of PLA. Plasticization of PLA-based bioplastics. Aging and biodegradation. Applications of PLA based bioplastics. References.Biodegradable Protein-Nanoparticle CompositesKatherine Dean and Long Yu, CSIRO-Manufacturing and Infrastructure Technology, Melbourne, AustraliaIntroduction. Delaminating clay using ultrasonics. Processing protein-nanoparticle composites using extrusion. Microstructure and mechanical properties of protein-nanoparticle composites. Conclusion. References.PART 3: PROPERTIES AND MECHANISMS OF DEGRADATIONStandards for environmentally biodegradable plasticsGerald Scott, Aston University, Birmingham, UKWhy standards are necessary. Bio-based polymers. The post-use treatment of plastics for the recovery of value. Mechanisms of polymer biodegradation. Laboratory studies. The development of national and international standards for biodegradable plastics. Lessons from the past and future developments. Acknowledgments. References.Material properties of biodegradable polymersMrinal Bhattacharya, Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, USA, Rui L Reis, Vitor Correlo and Luciano Boesel, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, PortugalIntroduction. Biodegradation. Natural polymers. Microbial polyesters. Synthetic polyesters. Poly-lactic acid. Poly(glycolic) acid. Polycaprolactone. Poly(alkene succinate). Aliphatic-Aromatic Copolyesters. Poly(orthoesters). Polyanhydrides. Polycarbonates/Polyiminocarbonates. Blends. Water soluble polymers. Future developments. References.Mechanism of biodegradationShuichi Matsumura, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, JapanIntroduction. Biodegradation mechanism: overview. Biodegradation mechanism of naturally occurring polymers. Biodegradation mechanism of polyesters. Biodegradation mechanism of polycarbonates and polyethers. Biodegradation mechanism of poly(vinyl alcohol). Biodegradation mechanism of polyurethanes. Biodegradation mechanism of poly(amino acid). Biodegradation mechanism of miscellaneous polymers. Future trends. Bibliography.Enzymatic Degradation of PolymersGiridhar Madras, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, IndiaIntroduction. Vinyl Polymers. Hydrolyzable polymers. Natural Biodegradable Polymers. Conclusion. References.PART 4: INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONSOxo-biodegradable polyolefins in packagingDavid M. Wiles, Plastichem Consulting, CanadaIntroduction. Characteristics of packaging plastics. Oxo-biodegradable polyolefins. Disposal. Recovery. Environmental impact. References.Biodegradable plastics in agricultureGerald Scott, Aston University, UKPlasticulture. Oxo-biodegradation of polyolefins in the environment. The impact of degradable plastics on the environment. Future developments. Acknowledgements. References.Generation of Biodegradable Polycaprolactone Foams in Supercritical Carbon DioxideLong Yu, Katherine Dean, CSIRO-Manufacturing and Infrastructure Technology, Melbourne, Qun Xu, College of Materials Eng., Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R.ChinaIntroduction. Generation of polycaprolactone foams. Effect of processing conditions on the foaming cell. Crystallinity of foamed polycaprolactone. Conclusion. References.
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Produktdetaljer

ISBN
9780849334665
Publisert
2005-05-17
Utgiver
Vendor
CRC Press Inc
Vekt
839 gr
Høyde
229 mm
Bredde
152 mm
Aldersnivå
05, 06, UU, UP, P
Språk
Product language
Engelsk
Format
Product format
Innbundet
Antall sider
532

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