Up until approximately 20 years ago, the idea that the central nervous
system (CNS) and components of the immune system were dynamically
interactive was considered impossible (or at least highly unlikely) as
the CNS was judged an immunosuppressive environment based upon
experimental evidence highlighting the survival of tissue grafts
within the brain. Additional evidence supporting this viewpoint
included (i) the presence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) which p-
vides a physical and physiological obstruction that is difficult for
cells and mac- molecules to cross, (ii) the relative absence of MHC
class I and II expression on CNS cells like astrocytes and neurons,
and (iii) lack of abundant antigen presenting cells (APC) which are
required for the generation of an adaptive immune response. However,
in spite of these obstacles, it is now well-accepted that the CNS is
r- tinely subject to immune surveillance under both normal as well as
diseased con- tions. Indeed, activated cells of the immune system such
as T and B lymphocytes and monocyte/macrophages readily infiltrate and
accumulate within the CNS f- lowing microbial infection, injury, or
upon development of autoimmune responses directed toward resident
antigens of the CNS.
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Produktdetaljer
ISBN
9780387738949
Publisert
2020
Utgave
1. utgave
Utgiver
Vendor
Springer
Språk
Product language
Engelsk
Format
Product format
Digital bok