Chapter 0 Reader's and Instructor's Guide0.1 Outline of the Book0.2 Roadmap0.3 Internet and Web Resources0.4 Standards I. OVERVIEW 1. Data Communications, Data Networking, and the Internet1.1 Data Communications and Networking for Today's Enterprise1.2 A Communications Model1.3 Data Communications1.4 Networks1.5 The Internet1.6 An Example Configuration 2. Protocol Architecture, TCP/IP, and Internet-Based Applications2.1 The Need for a Protocol Architecture2.2 A Simple Protocol Architecture2.3 The TCP/IP Protocol Architecture2.4 The OSI Model2.5 Standardization within a Protocol Architecture2.6 Traditional Internet-Based Applications2.7 Multimedia2.8 Recommended Reading and Web Sites2.9 Key Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsAppendix 2A The Trivial File Transfer Protocol II. DATA COMMUNICATIONS 3. Data Transmission3.1 Concepts and Terminology3.2 Analog and Digital Data Transmission3.3 Transmission Impairments3.4 Channel Capacity3.5 Recommended Reading and Web Site3.6 Key Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsAppendix 3A Decibels and Signal Strength 4. Guided and Wireless Transmission4.1 Guided Transmission Media4.2 Wireless Transmission4.3 Wireless Propagation4.4 Line-of-Sight Transmission4.5 Recommended Reading and Web Sites4.6 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 5. Signal Encoding Techniques5.1 Digital Data, Digital Signals5.2 Digital Data, Analog Signals5.3 Analog Data, Digital Signals5.4 Analog Data, Analog Signals5.5 Recommended Reading5.6 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 6. Digital Data Communication Techniques6.1 Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission6.2 Types of Errors6.3 Error Detection6.4 Error Correction6.5 Line Configurations6.6 Recommended Reading6.7 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 7. Data Link Control7.1 Flow Control7.2 Error Control7.3 High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC)7.4 Recommended Reading7.5 Key Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsAppendix 7A Performance Issues 8. Multiplexing8.1 Frequency-Division Multiplexing8.2 Synchronous Time-Division Multiplexing8.3 Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing8.4 Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line8.5 xDSL8.6 Recommended Reading and Web Sites8.7 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 9. Spread Spectrum9.1 The Concept of Spread Spectrum9.2 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum9.3 Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum9.4 Code-Division Multiple Access9.5 Recommended Reading and Web Site9.6 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems III. WIDE AREA NETWORKS 10. Circuit Switching and Packet Switching10.1 Switched Communications Networks10.2 Circuit Switching Networks10.3 Circuit Switching Concepts10.4 Softswitch Architecture10.5 Packet-Switching Principles10.6 X.2510.7 Frame Relay10.8 Recommended Reading and Web Sites10.9 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 11. Asynchronous Transfer Mode 11.1 Protocol Architecture11.2 ATM Logical Connections11.3 ATM Cells11.4 Transmission of ATM Cells11.5 ATM Service Categories11.6 ATM Adaptation Layer11.8 Recommended Reading and Web Sites11.9 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 12. Routing in Switched Networks12.1 Routing in Packet-Switching Networks12.2 Examples: Routing in ARPANET12.3 Least-Cost Algorithms12.4 Recommended Reading12.5 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 13. Congestion Control in Switched Data Networks13.1 Effects of Congestion13.2 Congestion Control13.3 Traffic Management13.4 Congestion Control in Packet-Switching Networks13.5 Frame Relay Congestion Control13.6 ATM Traffic Management13.7 ATM-GFR Traffic Management13.8 Recommended Reading13.9 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 14. Cellular Wireless Networks14.1 Principles of Cellular Networks14.2 First Generation Analog14.3 Second Generation CDMA14.4 Third Generation Systems14.5 Recommended Reading and Web Sites14.6 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems IV. LOCAL AREA NETWORKS 15. Local Area Network Overview15.1 Background15.2 Topologies and Transmission Media15.3 LAN Protocol Architecture15.4 Bridges15.5 Layer 2 and Layer 3 Switches15.6 Recommended Reading and Web Sites15.7 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 16. High-Speed LANs16.1 The Emergence of High-Speed LANs16.2 Ethernet16.3 Fibre Channel16.4 Recommended Reading and Web Sites16.5 Key Terms, Review Questions, and ProblemsAppendix 16A Digital Signal Encoding for LANsAppendix 16B Performance IssuesAppendix 16C Scrambling 17. Wireless LANs17.1 Overview17.2 Wireless LAN Technology17.3 IEEE 802.11 Architecture and Services17.4 IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control17.5 IEEE 802.11Physical Layer17.6 IEEE 802.11 Security Considerations17.7 Recommended Reading and Web Sites17.8 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems V. INTERNET AND TRANSPORT PROTOCOLS 18. Internetwork Protocols18.1 Basic Protocol Functions18.2 Principles of Internetworking18.3 Internet Protocol Operation18.4 Internet Protocol18.5 IPv618.6 Recommended Reading and Web Sites18.7 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 19. Internetwork Operation19.1 Multicasting19.2 Routing Protocols19.3 Integrated Services Architecture19.4 Differentiated Services19.5 Recommended Reading and Web Sites19.6 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 20. Transport Protocols20.1 Connection-Oriented Transport Protocol Mechanisms20.2 TCP20.3 TCP Congestion Control20.4 UDP20.5 Recommended Reading20.6 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems VI. INTERNET APPLICATIONS 21. Network Security21.1 Security Requirements and Attacks21.2 Confidentiality with Conventional Encryption21.3 Message Authentication and Hash Functions21.4 Public-Key Encryption and Digital Signatures21.5 Secure Socket Layer and Transport Layer Security21.6 IPv4 and IPv6 Security21.7 Recommended Reading and Web Sites21.8 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 22. Internet Applications - Electronic Mail and Network Management22.1 Electronic Mail: SMTP and MIME22.2 Network Management: SNMP22.3 Recommended Reading and Web Sites22.4 Key Terms, Review Questions, and Problems 23. Internet Applications - Internet Directory Service and World Wide Web23.1 Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) and Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs)23.2 Internet Directory Service: DNS23.3 Web Access: HTTP 24. Internet Applications - Multimedia24.1 Digital Audio and Video24.2 Audio and Video Compression24.3 Streaming Audio and Video24.4 Voice Over IP24.5 Session Initiation Protocol24.6 Real-Time Transport Protocol APPENDICES Appendix A Fourier AnalysisA.1 Fourier Series Representation of Periodic SignalsA.2 Fourier Transform Representation of Aperiodic SignalsA.3 Recommended Reading Appendix B Sockets Programming Appendix C Projects for Teaching Data and Computer CommunicationsC.1 Simulation ProjectsC.2 Performance ModelingC.3 Research ProjectsC.4 Reading/Report Assignments Glossary References Index ONLINE APPENDICES Appendix D Standards OrganizationsD.1 The Importance of StandardsD.2 Standards and RegulationD.3 Standards-Setting Organizations Appendix E The International Reference Alphabet Appendix F Proof of the Sampling Theorem Appendix G Physical-Layer InterfacingG.1 V.24/EIA-232-FG.2 ISDN Physical Interface Appendix H The OSI ModelH.1 The ModelH.2 The OSI Layers Appendix I Queuing EffectsI.1 Queuing ModelsI.2 Queuing Results Appendix J Orthogonality, Correlation, and AutocorrelationJ.1 Correlation and AutocorrelationJ.2 Orthogonal Codes Appendix The TCP/IP Checksum Appendix Sockets: A Programmer's IntroductionG.1 Versions of SocketsG.2 Sockets, Socket Descriptors, Ports, and ConnectionsG.3 The Client/Server Model of CommunicationG.4 Sockets ElementsG.5 Stream and Datagram SocketsG.6 Run-Time Program ControlG.7 Remote Execution of a Windows Console Application Appendix Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) and Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs)I.1 Uniform Resource LocatorI.2 Uniform Resource IdentifierI.3 To Learn More Appendix Augmented Backus-Naur Form