Focuses on the Imperial mission to promote the unity of the Church, the State's involvement in intensely-debated doctrinal questions, and the calling by the Emperor of two major Church Councils at Ephesus, in 431 and 449. This work also includes material that illustrates the working of government and the involvement of State and the church.

Preface Abbreviations Ancient Sources: Texts, Editions, and Translations I. Roman and Greek: State and Subject 1. Introduction: Roman and Greek 2. Imperial Legislation 3. Theodosius's Greek Empire 4. Latin and Greek 5. The Greek City, and Greek Literary Culture 6. Letters and the Rhetoric of Persuasion II. Security and Insecurity 1. Introduction 2. The Military Structure 3. Constantinople and the West 4. Border Wars in Libya and Egypt 5. The Eastern Frontier: Sasanids and Saracens 6. The Danube Frontier and the Huns III. Integration and Diversity 1. Latin in Government 2. Greek as the Lingua Franca 3. Greek and Other Languages at the Church Councils 4. The Public Role and Status of Syriac in the Fifth-Century Church 5. The Empire, the Church, and Paganism 6. Samaritans and Jews IV. State and Church: Civil Administration, Ecclesiastical Hierarchy, and Spiritual Power 1. Religious Conflicts and Spiritual Authority 2. State and Church: Regional Structures of Hierarchy and Authority 3. State and Church: Contested Borders 4. Theodosius and Heresy 5. The Nestorian Controversy and the Two Councils of Ephesus V. State Power and Moral Defiance: Nestorius and Irenaeus 1. Introduction: Sources and Perspectives 2. Episcopal Persuasion and the Imperial Will 3. Nestorius: Return to Monastic Life, Condemnation and Exile 4. Renewed Controversy, Imperial Condemnation, and Popular Reaction VI. Persuasion, Influence, and Power 1. Structures and Persons 2. The Routine of Public Persuasion: The Suggestio 3. Identifying Powerful Intermediaries 4. Approaching the Emperor Appendix A. The Acta of the Fifth-Century Councils: A Brief Guide for Historians Appendix B. Verbatim Reports of Proceedings from the Reign of Theodosius II Illustrations IA. The Theodosian Empire: Civil Government, Northern Half IB. The Theodosian Empire: Civil Government, Southern Half II. The Syriac Codex of 411, written in Edessa III. Autograph Greeting by Theodosius on a Letter to an Official IV. Church Built at Dar Qita, Syria, in 418 V. Statue of the Governor Oecumenius from Aphrodisias VI. Reconstruction of the Statue of the Governor Oecumenius with its Inscribed Base VII. The Structure of the Army of Theodosius's Empire VIII. Legionary Dispositions on the Danube Frontier IX. Legionary Dispositions on the Eastern Frontier X. Cities in the Balkan and Danubian Region whose Bishops attended one or more of the Fifth-Century Church Councils XI. The Ecclesiastical Hierarchy in the Northern Part of the Secular Diocese of Oriens General Index Index of Sources