Introduction: philosophy and psycho-analysis James Hopkins; 1. Conversations on Freud - excerpt from 1932–3 lectures Ludwig Wittgenstein; 2. Freud, Kepler and the clinical evidence Clark Glymour; 3. Critical empiricism criticized: the case of Freud B. R. Cosin, C. F. Freeman and N. H. Freeman; 4. Freudian common-sense Adam Morton; 5. Disposition and memory Stuart Hampshire; 6. On Freud's doctrine of emotions David Sachs; 7. The id and the thinking process Brian O'Shaughnessy; 8. The bodily ego Richard Wollheim; 9. Norms and the normal Ronald De Sousa; 10. On the generation and classification of defence mechanisms Patrick Suppes and Hermine Warren; 11. Models of repression W. D. Hart; 12. Mauvaise foi and the unconscious Jean-Paul Sartre; 13. Self-deception and the 'splitting of the ego' Herbert Fingarette; 14. Freud's anthropomorphism Thomas Nagel; 15 Freud's anatomies of the self Irving Thalberg; 16. Motivated irrationality, Freudian theory and cognitive dissonance David Pears; 17. Paradoxes of irrationality Donald Davidson; Works of Freud cited; Select bibliography.