Recommendations for improving the reliability of data collected for population and housing census are included in the comprehensive advice given in this United Nations handbook. Also given special consideration are measurable criteria that would make all censuses internationally comparable, whilst at the same time ensuring that the data collected satisfy the needs of individual countries. Based on years of research and practical worldwide experience, all stages of the census process are explained; from conception to planning, administration to enumeration and collation - all with suggestions for good working practice.