By analyzing the roots of these competitive after school activities and their contemporary effects, this title contextualizes elementary school-age children's activities, and suggests they have become proving grounds for success in the tournament of life - especially when it comes to coveted admission to elite universities, and beyond.

Preface: Enter to Grow in Wisdom Introduction: Play to Win 1. Outside Class: A History of American Children's Competitive Activities 2. More than Playing Around: Studying Competitive Childhoods 3. Cultivating Competitive Kid Capital: Generalist and Specialist Parents Speak 4. Pink Girls and Ball Guys? Gender and Competitive Children's Activities 5. Carving Up Honor: Organiz ing and Profiting from the Creation of Competitive Kid Capital 6. Trophies, Triumphs, and Tears: Competitive Kids in Action Conclusion: The Road Ahead for My Competitive Kids Appendix: Questioning Kids: Experiences from Fieldwork and Interviews Notes Works Cited Index

"Beautifully written, relentlessly insightful, and methodologically innovative, Playing to Win expertly captures the perspectives of parents and children regarding the importance of after school activities for socialization and childhood in contemporary American society. Hilary Levey Freidman has produced a sociological gem."--William A. Corsaro, author of The Sociology of Childhood "Hilary Levey Friedman has written an instant classic about parents, children, and the fervent pursuit of competitive honor in American society. Richly descriptive, terrifyingly honest, and beautifully written, Playing to Win is a must read for anyone who cares about the happiness and fulfillment of our children, the values we celebrate as a country, and the very foundations of our social world."—Francesco Duina, author of Winning: Reflections on an American Obsession “Hilary Levey Friedman’s Playing to Win is an essential social science volume that transcends the boundary between scholarship and popular critique. Levey Friedman successfully explains how upper-middle class Americans think about their children’s engagement in serious leisure: competitive chess, dance competitions, and youth soccer. Listening carefully to both parents and children, she reveals the tensions and contradictions, benefits and drawbacks of intense competitions, and provides a perspective necessary for researchers who examine child development and for parents who wish to raise happy, healthy children.”—Gary Alan Fine, author of With the Boys and Gifted Tongues: High School Debate and Adolescent Culture "The world of 21st century childhood has found its superb interpreter. With sparkling arguments and fascinating evidence, Hilary Levey Friedman’s Playing To Win introduces us to one of America’s most remarkable contemporary innovations: the proliferation of organized, competitive after-school activities. An important contribution to the sociology of culture and inequality."—Viviana A. Zelizer, author of Pricing the Priceless Child "Hilary Levey Friedman has written a book of Tocquevillian dimension. Her insights into the worries and hopes of the many gendered facets and class-bound manifestations of America's contemporary middle class are not only brilliant but presented in a lucid style that makes this book a real page turner. "Competitive Kid Capital" will rightly enter the vernacular of contemporary sociology."—Andrei S. Markovits, co-author of SPORTISTA: Female Fandom in the United States "Hilary Levey Friedman has managed to convince numerous upper middle class parents and their children to pause from their mad dash between extra-curricular activities to explain why they have chosen this lifestyle. Using information from detailed interviews across a variety of activities, she provides a revealing account of the motivations that lie behind the dramatic rise in competitive children's activities. This fascinating book forms a key part of an emerging body of research that links the increase in time devoted to childcare to parents' worries about their children's economic futures."—Valerie Ramey, Professor and Chair of Economics, University of California, San Diego "It is a valuable study and an excellent, highly readable report. I recommend the book to anyone who wishes to understand the mental set of many modern parents, which leads them to turn what should be playtime into work time for their kids."—Peter Gray, American Journal of Play

"Impressive... This study is vital reading for parents and educators interested in how the American idea of winners and losers is trickling down to the next generation." Publishers Weekly "If you are interested in after-school activities and the future prospects of the children who participate in them, Playing to Win by Hilary Levey Friedman is a must-read. An astute, well-researched and clearly written account, the book examines the ins and outs of today's competitive youth culture across three different arenas: chess, soccer and dance." Brain, Child "Given the considerable competitive pressure on even young children to prepare for elite colleges and lucrative careers, this study is timely and provocative...Nonspecialists who have read both Amy Chua's Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother and Lenore Skenazy's Free-Range Kids: How To Raise Safe, Self-Reliant Children (Without Going Nuts with Worry ) may find it of interest." Library Journal "In leading up to her examination of the characteristics and motivations of modern-day chess families, Friedman delights lovers of of historical and global context by tracking the evolution of competitive chess among young people in the United States." Chess Life "Top 12 Must-Read Education Books ... Harvard sociologist Friedman follows children involved in chess, dance and soccer, showing the differences among these sub-groups, how and why these competitive activities work and the resulting implications for inequality and gender in the educational system." -- Alison Krupnick, ParentMap Education Editor ParentMap Magazine "This book is a must-read for scholars interested in family, childhood, and stratification. It would also be a thought-provoking text for undergraduate students, many of whom may have participated in competitive activities throughout their lives." Sociology of Sport Journal "Richly textured... insightful." -- Erendira Rueda Contemporary Sociology