Author Biographies vii Introduction 1 1 Bilingualism: A Short Introduction 5François Grosjean 1.1 The Extent of Bilingualism 6 1.2 Describing Bilinguals 7 1.3 The Functions of Languages 11 1.4 Language Mode 14 1.5 Interacting with Bilinguals and Monolinguals 17 1.6 Biculturalism 21 I Spoken Language Processing 27 2 Speech Perception and Comprehension 29François Grosjean 2.1 From the Speech Wave to the Mental Representation 30 2.2 Processing Monolingual Speech 33 2.3 Processing Bilingual Speech 39 3 Speech Production 50François Grosjean 3.1 From Thought to Articulation 51 3.2 Producing Monolingual Speech 52 3.3 Language Production in Bilinguals is a Dynamic Process 54 3.4 Producing Bilingual Speech 59 II Written Language Processing 71 4 Reading 73Annette M.B. de Groot 4.1 An Outline of the Reading Process 74 4.2 Word Recognition in Bilinguals 76 4.3 Models of Bilingual Visual Word Recognition 87 4.4 Sentence Processing in Bilinguals 91 5 Writing 100Rosa M. Manchón 5.1 The Psycholinguistics of Bilingual Writing: Mapping the Terrain 102 5.2 Bilingual Text Production Activity: Processes and Strategies 105 5.3 The Transfer of Knowledge and Skills in Bilingual Writing 111 III Language Acquisition 117 6 Simultaneous Language Acquisition 119Virginia Yip 6.1 Theoretical Issues 121 6.2 Methodological Issues 124 6.3 Early Developmental Stages and Language Differentiation 129 6.4 Cross-linguistic Influence 130 6.5 Code-mixing 133 6.6 Extensions and Applications 137 7 Successive Language Acquisition 145Ping Li 7.1 Age Effects in Second Language Acquisition 146 7.2 Speech Learning in Successive Language Acquisition 151 7.3 Dynamic Interaction between First Language and Second Language 155 IV Cognition and the Bilingual Brain 169 8 Bilingual Memory 171Annette M.B. de Groot 8.1 The Organization of the Bilingual Mental Lexicon 172 8.2 Bilingual Concepts 181 8.3 Bilingual Autobiographical Memory 186 9 Cognitive Effects 192Ellen Bialystok and Raluca Barac 9.1 Language and Metalinguistic Abilities 193 9.2 Acquisition of Literacy 198 9.3 Developing Executive Control 202 9.4 Advantages of Bilingualism across the Lifespan 206 10 Neurolinguistic and Neurocomputational Models 214Ping Li 10.1 Neurolinguistic Traditions and Debates 215 10.2 The Cognitive Neuroscience of Bilingualism 220 10.3 Neurolinguistic Computational Modeling 228 Index 239

"This accessible book is top of the bill in bilingualism! Prominent researchers explain what they know about our use of multiple languages – and what exactly was done in the lab to find out." Ton Dijkstra, Radboud University Nijmegen "Grosjean and Li have created a thoroughly accessible, but still authoritative, introduction to the study of bilingualism. Their clear conceptual analysis makes it easy to understand how languages interact in real time and how these interactions are measured and modeled. Both students and researchers will find it a real pleasure to work through this gentle introduction." Brian MacWhinney, Carnegie Mellon University "In this landmark publication, the authors adopt a holistic view of bilingualism, to provide a clear, comprehensive, well-balanced, and well-illustrated introduction to cutting-edge theories, methodologies, and findings in the psycholinguistics of bilingualism and to clarify common misconceptions. Suitable for novices, this text will also serve as an invaluable resource for scholars of bilingualism who need to get up to speed in this fast-expanding area of research." Aneta Pavlenko, Temple University The Psycholinguistics of Bilingualism??is an essential work for those seeking insights into the bilingual mind and our current knowledge of the cognitive basis of bilingualism. Written by two leading researchers in the field with contributions from internationally renowned scholars, this textbook o???ers a comprehensive introduction to bilingual language processing, language acquisition, cognition and memory, and the bilingual brain. Students are introduced to various approaches currently employed in the study of the psycholinguistics of bilingualism, including observation, experimentation, verbal and computational modeling, and brain imaging. Each chapter concludes with research questions and further reading suggestions. This textbook o???ers an overview from a unique vantage point, and in summing up the issues in the subfields of bilingualism research, is sure to inspire readers to keep pushing the discussion forward.

"The Psycholinguistics of Bilingualism is an absolute gem to read. It is concise and clear while not skimping at all on breadth and depth. Truthfully, this is a bit unsettling for those of us who have worked in this field. Capturing such a wide array of topics in a single volume is a gargantuan task. Grosjean and Li should be applauded for helping to shape such an excellent text. Most importantly, the editors and authors help to convince the reader of the importance of dynamic processing, whether it be in computer models that have to adapt to language input, brain images that capture how bilinguals switch between languages, or in the nature of speech that takes into account how bilinguals adapt to different linguistic situations. By bringing all of these pieces together, Grosjean and Li have provided a true gift for those who would like to learn more about this field."  (Language, 1 December 2013) “Those with an interest in bilingualism would find the chapter on writing helpful due to the small number of bilingual studies, especially looking at two languages in one bilingual, rather than comparing bilingual writings to monolingual writings. Those interested in bilingual code-switching would also find it a useful reference as code-switchng is discussed from different perspectives in several chapters. Undergraduate students studying psycholinguistics are provided with a complete overview on controversial issues such as the critical period hypothesis for language acquisition or the bilingual mental lexicon with the relevant influential articles and hypotheses, listed chronologically. Thus, this book is an ideal choice for an undergraduate or postgraduate course book in introducing various fields of applied linguistics, bilingualism, and also the psycholinguistics of bilingualism.”  (International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 28 August 2013) “The book is written in a friendly tone that’s easy to understand and engage with, making it perfect for anyone who’s looking to learn more about psycholinguistics or bilingualism – and with great chapters by some of the biggest names in the field, there’s no doubt that the information packed into this little volume is of the highest quality.”  (First Language, 1 January 2014) “I enjoyed reading this book and would very much recommend it to students, teachers and anyone else interested in the field.  If you have not been fascinated by bilingualism before, you will be after reading the introduction chapter!”  (The Nordic Journal of Linguistics, 1 May 2014) “It is refreshing to see a textbook that offers a comprehensive introduction to bilingual language processing, language acquisition, cognition and memory, and the bilingual brain. Each chapter presents current debates and issues in their respective subfields accompanied with clear and concise illustrations of empirical studies. Written by prominent researchers, all the chapters are not only remarkably up to date in the various areas covered but also quite accessible to the non-specialist … Whether the reader is mainly looking for a comprehensive overview of the up to date literature or instead looking for suggestions for new avenues of research, this book provides an abundance of information.”  (International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 1 October 2013) “This book exceeded my expectations, and I find it difficult to point out shortcomings, as it is perfectly aligned with its declared aims.”  (The LINGUIST List, 1 May 2013)

“This accessible book is top of the bill in bilingualism! Prominent researchers explain what they know about our use of multiple languages - and what exactly was done in the lab to find out.” - Ton Dijkstra, Radboud University Nijmegen  “Grosjean and Li have created a thoroughly accessible, but still authoritative, introduction to the study of bilingualism. Their clear conceptual analysis makes it easy to understand how languages interact in real time and how these interactions are measured and modeled. Both students and researchers will find it a real pleasure to work through this gentle introduction.” - Brian MacWhinney, Carnegie Mellon University “In this landmark publication, the authors adopt a holistic view of bilingualism, to provide a clear, comprehensive, well-balanced, and well-illustrated introduction to cutting-edge theories, methodologies and findings in psycholinguistics of bilingualism and to clarify common misconceptions. Suitable for novices, this text will also serve as invaluable resource for scholars of bilingualism who need to get up-to-speed in this fast-expanding area of research.” - Aneta Pavlenko, Temple University