Performance management is the process that enables an organization to deliver a predictable contribution to sustained value creation. This work investigates the human factor in the implementation of performance management systems (PMS), showing managers how they can implement and manage PMS.

Introduction. Part One: BEHAVIORAL FACTORS. 1. Brief History of Performance Management Systems. Purpose of Performance Management Systems. Development of Performance Management Systems. Benefits of Performance Management Systems. Issues with Critical Success Factors, Key Performance Indicators, and the Balanced Scorecard. Importance of Behavioral Factors. 2. Identifying the Behavioral Factors. Criteria for Regular Use. Behavioral Factors. Performance Management System. Controlled System. Controlling System. Internal Environment. External Environment. Overview of Behavioral Factors. Operationalizing the Behavioral Factors. 3. Cases. Description of the Case Studies. Academic Hospital Utrecht. Kadaster. European IT Services. Analysis of Case Studies.Part Two: MANAGEMENT STYLES. 4. Relationship Between Performance Management System Uses and Management Styles. Performance Management System Uses. Management Styles. Assumptions. Detailing of Management Styles. Organizational Performance. Type of Organization. Age and Experience of Managers. 5. Performance Management System and Managerial Behavior Survey. Description of the Survey. Analysis of the Survey. Results of the Survey. Interview Results. Discussion of Results. Conclusion. APPENDICES. Appendix A: Case Study Protocol. Appendix B: Questionnaire. Index.