Neoliberal economic theories are powerful because their domestic translators make them go local, hybridizing global scripts with local ideas. This does not mean that all local translations shape policy, however. External constraints and translators' access to cohesive policy institutions filter what kind of neoliberal hybrids become policy reality. By comparing the moderate neoliberalism that prevails in Spain with the more radical one that shapes policy thinking in Romania, Ruling Ideas explains why neoliberal hybrids take the forms that they do and how they survive crises. Cornel Ban contributes to the literature by showing that these different varieties of neoliberalism depend on what competing ideas are available locally, on the networks of actors who serve as the local advocates of neoliberalism, and on their vulnerability to external coercion.
Ruling Ideas covers an extended historical period, starting with the Franco period in Spain and the Ceausescu period in Romania, discusses the economic integration of these countries into the EU, and continues through Europe's Great Recession and the European debt crisis. The broad historical coverage enables a careful analysis of how neoliberalism rules in times of stability and crisis and under different political systems.
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Why do some countries govern by moderate neoliberalism while others by a radical version? Looking at Spain and Romania, Ruling Ideas points to the role of local intellectual traditions, the strength of international alternatives, the resources of the local advocates of neoliberalism, and their vulnerability to external coercion.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract
List of graphs
List of author interviews
PART I: VARIETIES OF NEOLIBERALISM
1. The Ruling Power of Neoliberal Ideas
What do we talk about when we talk about neoliberalism?
Historically contingence intellectually hybridity
Real-existing local neoliberalism: Embeddeded or disembedded?
The political economy of neoliberalism in translation
From diffusion to translation: the state of the art
Tools from the Past
Transnational socialization and resources
Institutional cohesion
Weapons of coercion
Case selection
Data and Methodology
Organization of the book
2. Spain's embedded neoliberalism
Introduction
The Socialist Road to Embedded Neoliberalism (1982-1996)
Gaps in Existing Explanations
The Revolving Doors
Translating Neoliberalism in Madrid
Crafting Institutional Cohesion
Containing Labor: Seduce and Abandon
Embedded neoliberalism and European Monetary Integration
"That load of irrationality": Joining the European Monetary System
Moving Embedded Neoliberalism to the Right (1996-2004)
Moving Embedded Neoliberalism to the Left (2004-2008)
The Euro road to Lehman
Conclusions
3. Romania's disembedded neoliberalism
Late, but radical
Late, but radical
The limits of conventional explanations
Neoliberalism and the postcommunist transition
The neo-developmentalist interregnum
Liberal neo-developmentalism (1990-1992)
Populist neo-developmentalism (1992-1996)
Crafting disembedded neoliberalism
The translators of neoliberalism
Beyond the Washington Consensus
Neoliberal transition economics in power
Dodging embedded neoliberalism
Translating the Brussels Consensus
The ebb and flow of institutional cohesion
Radicalizing disembedded neoliberalism(2004-2008)
Conclusions
PART II: THE WEIGHT OF THE PAST
4. The Deep Roots of Spanish Neoliberalism
Introduction
From autarchy to liberalization
The rise and fall of Spain's developmentalism
Mandarin Economists and the State
The seeds of neoliberalism
Neoliberalism, German-style
Ordoliberalism and the Dilution of Spanish neo-Keynesianism
Conclusions
5.The Shallow Roots of Romanian Neoliberalism
Introduction
A Barren Land for Economic Liberalism
Economists and the State under National-Stalinism
Détente and Professional Transnationalization
The Limits of Repression and Resistance
From National-Stalinism to neo-Developmentalism
Conclusions
PART III: NEOLIBERALISM ACROSS BORDERS
6. Spain: Intensive Transnational Socialization
The Anglo-German Origins of Spanish Neoliberalism
Geopolitics and Anglo Pedigree
International Organizations and Diffusion
Domestic Debates and International Classics
Moderating neoliberalism with German ideas
German Interests and Southern Socialism
Ordnungspolitik with Vitalpolitik
Conclusions
7. Romania: Recurrent Coercion and Fast-Track Socialization
Ruling by Force and by Force of Thought
Neoliberalism by force
Trimming neo-Developmentalism (1990-1996)
Locking-in neoliberalism (1996-2006)
Neoliberalism by force of thought
The power of international status hierarchies
The Chicago Boys did not go to Bucharest
Chicago on a budget
From civil society to capital
Democratization, civil society and the localization of neoliberal thinking
"Russian doll" neoliberalism
The Austrian School's revolving doors
Conclusions
PART IV: NEOLIBERALISM'S RESILIENCE SINCE THE GREAT RECESSION
8. Recalibrating Embedded Neoliberalism in Spain
Introduction
Gaps in conventional explanations
The Recalibration of Neoliberalism
The institutions and ideas of Spain's recalibrated neoliberalism
The resilience of institutional centralization
A moderate Keynesian revival
Defeating the orthodox resistance
The Retrenchment of European Embedded Neoliberalism
Austere times in Brussels
Austere times in Frankfurt
Structural reforms for the end of fiscal policy
How to kill a Stimulus: Coercion and Collateral Damage
Caja blues
Paying for the financializing the state
The end of Spain's Keynesian revival
The Retrenchment of Spain's Embedded Neoliberalism (2010-2011)
Lines in the sand
Governing by correspondence
The End of Embedded Neoliberalism (2011-)?
"Prussia of the South"
Whither Embedded Neoliberalism?
Conclusions
9. The Resilience of Disembedded Neoliberalism in Romania
Radicalizing neoliberalism
Resilience through international coercion
The power of coercion
The limits of coercion
Resilience through competition
The power of multinational capital
The limits of multinational capital
Radicals for neoliberalism
Manning the Ramparts
Monetary Policy as Pulp Orthodoxy
Fiscal Amputation
Ordnungspolitik without Vitalpolitik
De-Europeanizing redistribution
Moderating neoliberalism?
The limits of radicalization
From anti-austerity to "high quality fiscal consolidation"
Whither Disembedded Neoliberalism?
Conclusions
10. Conclusions
Localization and resilience
Neoliberalism in translation
Embedded Neoliberalism
Disembedded neoliberalism
The Weight of the Past
Translation and Transnational Socialization
Neoliberalism in Power
Institutional Cohesion
The Power of Coercion
Bibliography
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"This book delivers a careful analysis of the national forces that determine what type of neoliberalism a country develops, looking at domestic, international, historical, and intellectual explanatory factors. The author offers a sophisticated advancement in understanding the political and economic forces that affect the world and how neoliberalism as a structure varies across nation-states. Excellent for collections on globalization, economics, and political
movements and ideologies." --CHOICE
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"This book delivers a careful analysis of the national forces that determine what type of neoliberalism a country develops, looking at domestic, international, historical, and intellectual explanatory factors. The author offers a sophisticated advancement in understanding the political and economic forces that affect the world and how neoliberalism as a structure varies across nation-states. Excellent for collections on globalization, economics, and political
movements and ideologies." --CHOICE
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Selling point: Challenges conventional explanations of the global diffusion of neoliberalism: emphasizes the agency of local translators
Selling point: Theorizes and empirically tests for the first time the mechanisms that make neoliberal ideas become more radicalized in some countries and more moderate in others
Selling point: Explains the local resilience of neoliberalism after the 2008 crisis
Selling point: Specifies the conditions under which the local translations of neoliberal ideas can turn into actionable policy templates
Selling point: Proposes a new definition of neoliberalism that lends itself to more objective empirical observation
Selling point: Breaks new methodological ground in the existing political science scholarship on diffusion: embeds an unconventional mix of content and network analysis
Selling point: Fills in important gaps in the existing literature on economic liberalization and post-2008 crisis management in Spain and Romania
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Assistant Professor of Political Science, Boston University
Selling point: Challenges conventional explanations of the global diffusion of neoliberalism: emphasizes the agency of local translators
Selling point: Theorizes and empirically tests for the first time the mechanisms that make neoliberal ideas become more radicalized in some countries and more moderate in others
Selling point: Explains the local resilience of neoliberalism after the 2008 crisis
Selling point: Specifies the conditions under which the local translations of neoliberal ideas can turn into actionable policy templates
Selling point: Proposes a new definition of neoliberalism that lends itself to more objective empirical observation
Selling point: Breaks new methodological ground in the existing political science scholarship on diffusion: embeds an unconventional mix of content and network analysis
Selling point: Fills in important gaps in the existing literature on economic liberalization and post-2008 crisis management in Spain and Romania
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Produktdetaljer
ISBN
9780190600389
Publisert
2016
Utgiver
Vendor
Oxford University Press Inc
Vekt
590 gr
Høyde
241 mm
Bredde
168 mm
Dybde
22 mm
Aldersnivå
U, P, 05, 06
Språk
Product language
Engelsk
Format
Product format
Innbundet
Antall sider
312
Forfatter