Acknowledgements; Introduction Tim Harper and Sunil S. Amrith; 1. Singapore, 1915, and the birth of the Asian underground Tim Harper; 2. Living in the material world: cosmopolitanism and trade in early twentieth century Ladakh Jacqueline H. Fewkes; 3. Nation, race, and language: discussing transnational identities in colonial Singapore, circa 1930 Chua Ai Lin; 4. Intimate interactions: Eurasian family histories in colonial Penang Kirsty Walker; 5. Citing as a site: translation and circulation in Muslim South and Southeast Asia Ronit Ricci; 6. Popular sites of prayer, transoceanic migration, and cultural diversity: exploring the significance of keramat in Southeast Asia Sumit K. Mandal; 7. Connecting people: a Central Asian Sufi network in turn-of-the-century Istanbul Lâle Can; 8. 'Enough of the Great Napoleons!' Raja Mahendra Pratap's Pan-Asian projects (1929–39) Carolien Stolte; 9. Chinatowns and borderlands: inter-Asian encounters in the diaspora Evelyn Hu-Dehart; 10. Creating spaces for Asian interaction through the anti-globalization campaigns in the region Teresa S. Encarnacion Tadem; Index.