This volume is a collection of papers devoted to the 70th birthday of Professor Vladimir Rabinovich. The opening article (by Stefan Samko) includes a short biography and the bibliography of Vladimir Rabinovich’s works, along with personal recollections. It is followed by twenty research and survey papers in various branches of analysis (pseudodifferential operators and partial differential equations, Toeplitz, Hankel, and convolution type operators, variable Lebesgue spaces, etc.) close to Professor Rabinovich’s research interests. Many of them are written by participants of the international workshop “Analysis, Operator Theory, and Mathematical Physics” (Ixtapa, Mexico, January 23–27, 2012), who have a long history of scientific collaboration with Rabinovich and whose contributions are partially based on the talks presented at that meeting. The volume will be of great interest to researchers and graduate students working in the fields of differential equations, operator theory, functional and harmonic analysis and mathematical physics.