This second edition provides a broad range of perspectives on the legal implications of artificial intelligence (AI) across different global jurisdictions. Contributors identify the potential threats that AI poses to the protection of rights and human wellbeing, anticipating future developments in technological and legal infrastructures.

Contents List of contributors viii Preface xxi PART I LAW’S GOVERNANCE OF AI 1 A computational thinking approach for law and artificial intelligence 2 Woodrow Barfield 2 Control, influence, and manipulation: AI has a power problem 13 Michael Guihot 3 AI Bill of Rights and creative lawmaking 36 John Frank Weaver 4 Three paradigms in the legal governance of AI: on power, convenience, and prestige 57 Ugo Pagallo 5 Compliance, Regtech, and smart legal ecosystems: a methodology for legal governance validation 73 Pompeu Casanovas, Mustafa Hashmi, Louis de Koker, and Ho-Pun Lam 6 The Japanese perspective of regulation, management, and governance of artificial intelligence 105 Fumio Shimpo 7 How artificial intelligence will affect the practice of law 122 Yueh-Hsuan Weng and David Torabi 8 Three years of evolution in AI law and governance: as the law catches up to AI 148 Michael Simon and Andrew Pery PART II THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN AI AND THE LAW 9 Lawyers are from Mars, data scientists are from Venus: promoting responsible AI on Earth 177 Hofit Wasserman-Rozen and Karni Chagal-Feferkorn 10 The law–machine interface and the changing interplay between artificial intelligence and the law 194 Peter K. Yu 11 AI characterisations and their legal implications 213 Jerrold Soh 12 False agency in artificial intelligence 232 Shawn Bayern 13 Automated law enforcement: perfect vision or dystopia? 250 Antje von Ungern-Sternberg 14 Disaggregating artificial intelligence biases: a law and systems engineering approach for AI governance and regulation 275 Emile Loza de Siles 15 A blueprint for auditing generative AI 307 Jakob Mökander, Justin Curl, and Mihir Kshirsagar PART III CRIMES, CONTRACTS, AND TORTS 16 Crimes without criminals: in search of criminal liability for harms caused by AI systems 329 Elina Nerantzi and Giovanni Sartor 17 Criminal law enforcement through AI 349 Serena Quattrocolo 18 Artificial intelligence as evidence 373 Daniel Seng 19 Artificial intention, unintended contracts 402 Eliza Mik 20 Contract law and advances in artificial intelligence 425 John Linarelli 21 Managing fairness risk of AI in consumer finance 443 David M. Skanderson and Adam H. Gailey 22 Civil liability and artificial intelligence: challenges, policy options and legal responses 467 Teresa Rodríguez de las Heras Ballell 23 European Union’s Regulation on the placing on the market and use of AI systems: a critical overview of the AI Act 489 Nathalie Nevejans 24 Adding to the EU AI Liability Directive: degree of autonomy, chain of confidence, inherent flaws of indecent induction, and mandatory insurance 541 Ronald P. Loui 25 Consumer law and artificial intelligence 570 Przemysław Pałka and Agnieszka Jabłonowska PART IV BUSINESS LAW AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS 26 A tale of obsession: is autonomous algorithmic collusion the white whale of competition law? 596 Jerome De Cooman 27 Robots in the boardroom: artificial intelligence and corporate law 614 Florian Möslein 28 Taxation of artificial intelligence 636 Xavier Oberson 29 When machines create: AI authorship and copyright law 652 Ryan Abbott and Elizabeth Rothman 30 Copyright, fair use, and AI technology development: time to sunset the “transformative purpose” test 673 S.J. Blodgett-Ford 31 Reorienting patent policy towards responsible AI design 715 Liza Vertinsky Index 737