Contents 1. The proliferation of EU enforcement authorities: a new development in law enforcement in the EU Miroslava Scholten, Michiel Luchtman and Elmar Schmidt 2. Political and judicial accountability in the EU shared system of banking supervision and enforcement Ton Duijkersloot, Argyro Karagianni and Robert Kraaijeveld 3. ‘Rating’ ESMA’s accountability: ‘AAA’ status Marloes van Rijsbergen and Jonathan Foster 4. Parallel enforcement and accountability: the case of EU competition law Katalin Cseres and Annalies Outhuijse 5. Shared enforcement and accountability in the EU aviation safety area: the case of the European Aviation Safety Agency Florin Coman-Kund, Mikołaj Ratajczyk and Elmar Schmidt 6. Complex procedures as hurdle to accountability: verticalization of pharmaceutical enforcement Merijn Chamon and Sabrina Wirtz 7. Fishing in troubled waters? Shared enforcement of the common fisheries policy and accountability gaps Federica Cacciatore and Mariolina Eliantonio 8. Enforcement of EU food law Antonia Corini, Bernd van der Meulen, Floris Kets, Giuseppa Ottimofiore and Florentin Blanc 9. The political and judicial accountability of OLAF Michiel Luchtman and Martin Wasmeier 10. Judicial and political accountability for criminal investigations and prosecutions by a European Public Prosecutor's Office in the EU: the dissymmetry of shared enforcement John Vervaele 11. The interplay of mandates and accountability in enforcement within the EU Florentin Blanc and Giuseppa Ottimofiore 12.The European Court of Auditors: the guardian of EU finances Alex Brenninkmeijer and Emma van Gelder 13. Pertinent issues of judicial accountability in EU shared enforcement Rob Widdershoven and Paul Craig 14. Political and judicial accountability in shared enforcement in the EU Miroslava Scholten, Martino Maggetti and Esther Versluis Index