Plants are the primary source of food and medicine, and they are directly involved in the development of new drugs, agrochemicals, fragrances, flavors, cosmetics, fine chemicals, and nutraceuticals. Research on plants and their value-added products is an area of great interest to humans. This book provides an overview of the current scenario and importance of commercially valuable plant species, and it is based on 21 research articles. The book covers a wide range of plant species, including domestic and industrial plants such as Bunium persicum, Dysoxylum binectariferum, Magnolia campbellii, Morchella esculenta, Tinospora cordifolia, Woodfordia fructicosa, Plantago ovata, Artemisia annua, Spinifex littoreus, tissue culture raised banana, plant growth promoting bacteria, systematic of starch grains, scientific propagation techniques for improvement of plants, sustainability of Mucuna pruriens, and phytochemical screening of Eulaliopsis binata, Himalayan rhododendrons, Cyperus pangorei, and Vigna radiata. The book also discusses the uses and diversity of aromatic plants and their value in aromatherapy, flavor, and fragrance. The book includes sections on biological, chemical, pharmacological, and clinical parameters that provide valuable information for discovering new leads for product development from plants. As the reader will note, these books represent a wide range of views and ideas, reflecting the diversity of sciences and interests of thousands of researchers who contributed to this compilation.