This book discusses various aspects of future intelligent power grids, covering key topics including the operation of smart grids and microgrids, resource optimization, and energy management. Over the last few decades, the use of solar photovoltaics (PVs) and wind turbine generators has increased significantly in an effort to make future power systems sustainable. However, the intensive integration of renewables in existing electrical networks has raised several control and operational issues due to their limited dispatch capability and intermittent generation. In addition, integrating new electrical loads, such as those produced by electric vehicles, heat pumps, and electric water heaters, in existing distribution networks negatively impacts the power-balance scenario. As such, these developments present both challenges and opportunities for the research community.