This book offers a comprehensive exploration of the intersection between advanced technology and agricultural sustainability. With a focus on leveraging machine vision techniques for the early detection and management of plant diseases, this book serves as a vital resource for researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders in the agricultural sector. The book begins by providing an overview of the challenges posed by plant diseases to global food security and agricultural sustainability. It highlights the limitations of traditional disease detection methods and underscores the need for innovative approaches that can offer timely and accurate diagnosis. Through a systematic examination of machine vision principles and methodologies, the book delves into the various stages of disease detection, from image acquisition to feature extraction and classification. Key concepts such as image preprocessing, feature selection, and machine learning algorithms are discussed in detail, with emphasis on their practical implementation in real-world scenarios. Moreover, the book explores the potential of machine vision to contribute to sustainable agriculture practices.