This volume provides methods on procedures for assessing the biosafety aspects of probiotics. Chapters are divided into five parts detailing in vitro biosafety assessment, biogenic amine production, D-lactic acid production, toxin production, production of various enzymes, determination of toxicity, mutagenicity, virulence genes, capsule formation, hemolytic activity, DNAse activity, bile salt deconjugation, antibiotic resistance, antibiotic resistance gene transfer, mucin degradation, platelet aggregation, and in vivo biosafety assessment of probiotics including determination of  infectivity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, and evaluation of immunological parameters in animal models.