Biographical note

Dr. Todd R. Clear is university professor of criminal law at Rutgers University in Newark, New Jersey. He is currently involved in studies examining the effects of incarceration, the criminological implications of place" and the concept of "community justice." A prolific author, Dr. Clear has written on topics of correctional classification, prediction methods in correctional programming, community-based correctional methods, intermediate sanctions and sentencing policy. He has served as president of several professional organizations, including the American Society of Criminology and the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences. Dr. Clear has served as a programming and policy consultant to public agencies in more than 40 states and five nations. In addition, his work has been recognized with prestigious awards from the American Society of Criminology, the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, The Rockefeller School of Public Policy, the American Probation and Parole Association and the International Community Corrections Association. Dr. Clear has written 13 books addressing various aspects of the justice system, including three books on community justice and a book on mass incarceration." Eric Cadora is a Grants Officer at the Open Society Institute's Criminal Justice Initiative in New York City. He also works as an independent consultant on community justice issues, specializing in mapping analyses of criminal justice data. For many years he served as Research and Policy Director at the Center for Alternative Sentencing and Employment Services, New York State's largest alternative to incarceration program.