This Section Includes: I. Brief Table of Contents II. Detailed Table of Contents I. Brief Table of Contents Introduction Chapter 1: Adoption Across Cultures Chapter 2: Adoption in the United States: Historical Perspectives Chapter 3: Adoption: Private Decisions, Public Influences Chapter 4: Race. Racism, Adoption, and Fostering Chapter 5: The Practices of Transnational Adoption Bibliography II. Detailed Table of Contents *Each chapter includes a Conclusion Introduction Chapter 1. Adoption Across Cultures Ethnographic Cases The Preference for Fostering in West Africa The Commonality of Child Circulation in the Andes The Stigma of Adoption in the Middle East Exploring the Significance of Cases Debunking the Opposition Between “Natural” and “Adoptive” Parents Who is Responsible for Raising Children? History Comes Up Behind Us: Fostering and Adoption as Shaped by Context Chapter 2. Adoption in the United States: Historical Perspectives Children’s Role in Society What Makes a Family? Contradictions and Controversies in American Adoption The Growing Demand for “Adoptable” Babies and the Increased Regulation of Adoption: Who Makes the “Best” Mothers? Adoption Secrecy in the Formation of “As If” Families Making Families through Adoption in the Post-War Period Adoption in the United States Today Open Adoption Chapter 3. Adoption: Private Decisions, Public Influences Who Adopts? Who is Adopted? The Children: Characteristics of Adopted Children The Parents: Marital Status and Sexual Orientation What Makes a Proper Family? Interpreting Social Norms The Role of the State Comparative Perspectives on Government’s Role in Adoption Adoption in China Adoption in Norway Chapter 4. Race. Racism, Adoption, and Fostering Race–A Social Construct, A Forceful Reality Race in U.S. Adoption History Transracial Adoption Fostering and Adoption in the United States at the End of the Twentieth Century American Indians, Adoption, and Community Control Chapter 5. The Practices of Transnational Adoption The Global Transfer of Children Rules Governing Intercountry Adoptions The Receiving Countries Early International Adoption as Humanitarian Aid The United States Adoption in Norway Sending Countries Korea Romania Guatemala China and Its Abandoned Girls After Adoption: The Making of Transnational Families Bibliography
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