I. The Colonial Heritage of Latin America. 1. Ancient America. 2. The Hispanic Background. 3. The Conquest of America. 4. The Economic Foundations of Colonial Life. 5. State, Church, and Society. 6. Colonial Brazil. 7. The Bourbon Reforms and Spanish America. 8. The Independence of Latin America. II. Latin America in the Nineteenth Century. 9. Decolonization and the Search for National Identities, 1821-1870. 10. Race, Nation, and the Meaning of Freedom, 1821-1888. 11. The Triumph of Neocolonialism and the Liberal State, 1870-1900. III. Latin America Since 1900. 12. Forging a New Nation: The Mexican Revolution and the Populist Challenge. 13. Brazil: Populism and the Struggle for Democracy in a Multiracial Society. 14. Argentina: Populism, the Military, and the Struggle for Democracy. 15. Cuba: The Revolutionary Socialist Alternative to Populism. 16. Storm Over the Andes: Indigenous Rights and the Corporatist Military Alternative. 17. Chile: The Democratic Socialist Alternative. 18. Twilight of the Tyrants: Revolution and Prolonged Popular War in Central America. 19. Lands of Bolivar: Military Crisis, State Repression, and Popular Democracy. 20. Deconstructing the State: Dictatorship and Neoliberal Markets. 21. Transcending Neoliberalism: Electoral Enganos and Popular Resistance to the Dictatorship of Markets. 22. The Two Americas: United States-Latin American Relations.