The Tanner Lectures on Human Values is the annual publication of the Tanner lectures given at Clare Hall, Cambridge University; Brasenose College, Oxford University; Harvard University; Yale University, the University of California; Stanford University, the University of Michigan; and the University of Utah and other locations. Established to reflect upon the scholarly and scientific learning relating to human values, the lectureships are international and intercultural and transcend ethnic, national, religious, and ideological distinctions. Volume IX includes: LAURENCE H. TRIBE 'On Reading the Constitution'; ROGER J. BULGER 'On Hippocrates, Thomas Jefferson and Weber: The Bureaucratic, Technologic Imperatives and the Future of the Healing Tradition in a Voluntary Society'; JON ELSTER 'Taming Chance: Randomization in Individual and Social Decisions'; GISELA STRIKER 'Greek Ethics and Moral Theory'; F. VAN ZYL SLABBERT 'The Dynamics of Reform and Revolt in Current South Africa'; JOSEPH BRODSKY 'A Place as Good as Any'; LOUIS BLOM-cOOPER 'The Penalty of Imprisonment'.