Through perspectives that range from Eastern European art history to theology, with a concentration on the nexus of political, social, and religious history, this volume explores historical narratives that have shaped contemporary Eastern European national identities.

List of Illustrations Acknowledgments A Note on Transliteration and Toponyms PART I: BACKGROUND Introduction: Constructing a Rampart Nation: Conceptual Framework Liliya Berezhnaya and Heidi Hein-Kircher Chapter 1. The Origins of Antemurale Christianitatis Myths: Remarks on the Promotion of a Political Concept Kerstin Weiand PART II: (DE-)SACRALIZING AND NATIONALIZING BORDERLANDS Chapter 2. Not a Bulwark, But a Part of the Larger Catholic Community: The Romanian Greek Catholic Church in Transylvania (1700–1850) Ciprian Ghisa Chapter 3. Securitizing the Polish Bulwark:The Mission of Lviv in Polish Travel Guides During the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries Heidi Hein-Kircher Chapter 4. Ghetto as an "Inner Antemurale"? Debates on Exclusion, Integration, and Identity in Galicia in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Jürgen Heyde Chapter 5. Holy Ground and a Bulwark against "the Other": The (Re)Construction of an Orthodox Crimea in the Nineteenth-Century Russian Empire Kerstin S. Jobst Chapter 6. Bastions of Faith in the Oceans of Ambiguities: Monasteries in the East European Borderlands (Late Nineteenth–Beginning of the Twentieth Century) Liliya Berezhnaya Chapter 7. 'The Turkish Wall': Turkey as an Anti-Communist and Anti-Russian Bulwark in the Twentieth Century Zaur Gasimov PART III: PROMOTING ANTEMURALE DISCOURSES Chapter 8. Why Didn’t the Antemurale Historical Mythology Develop in Early Nineteenth-Century Ukraine? Volodymyr Kravchenko Chapter 9. Translating the Border(s) in a Multilingual and Multiethnic Society: Antemurale Myths in Polish and Ukrainian Schoolbooks of the Habsburg Monarchy Philipp Hofeneder Chapter 10. Mediating the Antemurale Myth in East Central Europe: Religion and Politics in Modern Geographers' Entangled Lives and Maps Steven Seegel Chapter 11. Bulwarks of Anti-Bolshevism: Russophobic Polemic of the Christian Right in Poland and Hungary in the Interwar Years and Their Roots in the Nineteenth Century Paul Srodecki Chapter 12. Defenders of the Russian Land: Viktor Vasnetsov's Warriors and Russia's Bulwark Myth Stephen M. Norris PART IV: REFLECTIONS ON THE BULWARK MYTHS TODAY Chapter 13. Antemurale Thinking as Historical Myth and Ethnic Boundary Mechanism Pål Kolstø Chapter 14. Concluding Thoughts on Central and Eastern European Bulwark Rhetoric in the Twenty-First Century Paul Srodecki Index