“<i>Unintended Lessons of Revolution</i> demonstrates that Mexico's rural normal schools may be the most durable legacy of the 1910 revolution. Rural schoolteachers in postrevolutionary Mexico served communities not only as instructors but also as community organizers, social workers, and secular confessors and pastors. TanalÍs Padilla weaves together oral histories with local and national documentary evidence into an empirically rich study of how the rural normales endured as incubators of political radicalism despite their original purpose as instruments to co-opt resistance into the postrevolutionary regime.” - Jocelyn Olcott, Professor of History, Duke University “This is a tremendously impressive study of the rural normal school, which became a vibrant locale of social mobility, cultural change, and political mobilization of student-teachers at various stages in Mexican political history. This book transcends the constricted scope of a narrow institutional study to throw new light on a series of larger questions concerning Mexico's legacy of revolution, its failed rural policies, and the explosion of unrest among rural teachers and activists. It is a pleasure to read.” - Brooke Larson, author of (Trials of Nation Making: Liberalism, Race, and Ethnicity in the Andes, 1810–1910) "Padilla draws on a rich array of archival sources and oral histories to tell this story, constructing a narrative that blends urban and rural events and perspectives and draws on episodes from various states. . . . Recommended. Advanced undergraduates through faculty." - J. M. Rosenthal (Choice) "<i>Unintended Lessons of Revolution </i>is a wonderful contribution to the rich historiography of agrarian history and student radicalism in Mexico." - Kevan Antonio Aguilar (Journal of Social History) "<i>Unintended Lessons of Revolution</i> will be of particular interest to scholars of education, and especially its intersection with organized labor, statecraft, institutional dynamics, political consciousness, and revolutionary ideals. This book will also be useful for its narration of twentieth-century Mexican history through the lens of rural education."<br /> - Finn West (Exertions) <i>"Unintended Lessons of Revolution</i> does much more than contextualize Ayotzinapa. It shows the profound power that the disenfranchised have, even from a position of dispossession, in occupying the imaginary of the state." - Elena Jackson Albarran (HAHR) "Padilla excels at highlighting on-the-ground voices and experiences while providing the reader at the same time with a detailed description of policy shifts at the national level. In addition, the book is graced with a series of images drawn from archival sources and teacher-produced public art. . . . [T]he beauty of this book, and history more broadly, is in illustrating how the most humble among us become historical protagonists in unexpected ways." - A.S. Dillingham (The Americas)
List of Abbreviations xv
Introduction: Ayotzinapa and the Legacy of Revolution 1
1. Normales, Education, and National Projects 23
2. A New Kind of School, a New Kind of Teacher 43
3. "And That's When the Main Blow Came" 68
4. Education at a Crossroads 99
5. "The Infinite Injustice Committed against Our Class Brothers 133
6. Learning in the Barricades 165
7. "A Crisis of Authority" 189
8. "That's How We'd Meet . . . Clandestinely with the Lights Off" 212
Epilogue: Education, Neoliberalism and Violence 241
Appendix: Sample Rural Normal Class Schedules 255
Notes 269
Bibliography 323
Index 343