This book presents insights from the 2025 CPDP.ai international conference, where leading scholars, policy makers, and practitioners examine how Europeâs fast-evolving digital frameworks shape global debates. As the EU legislates at unprecedented speed, it not only regulates technologies such as AI, but also defines their governance through rights-based instruments including the AI Act, the Data Act, and the GDPR.
The chapters analyse the consolidation of the EU model of AI and data governance, covering topics such as Fundamental Rights Impact Assessments, proportionality, transparency obligations for companion chatbots, and transatlantic contrasts in AI and health-data regulation. Contributors explore how divergent legal traditions influence accountability and democratic oversight, and how emerging dutiesâsuch as the duty of loyalty in data processingâcould rebalance power between citizens and infrastructures. Other chapters address data access under the Data Act, empirical supervision of algorithmic profiling, and proposals to strengthen GDPR enforcement.
Opening with The World Is Watching, an artistic and philosophical reflection on perception, opacity, and the more-than-human in surveillance societies, the book bridges critical theory and regulatory practice. A dedicated Practitionersâ Corner connects real-world governance experience with academic insight, highlighting pressing challenges for the year ahead.
Uniting law, technology, and ethics, this interdisciplinary volume captures Europeâs effort to govern AI and data infrastructuresâunder the close gaze of a watching world.
Part 1: Introduction
1. The World is Watching: Perception, Opacity, and the More-than-Human in Surveillance Societies, James Bridle (Artist, Greece), Thierry Vandenbussche and Birte Vingerhoets (Privacy Salon, Belgium)
2. Geopolitics, AI and DP, Mireille Hildebrandt (Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium)
Part 2: Academic Insights
3. Navigating Disruption: The Case of the European AI Act, Anna-Julia Saiger (Institute for Media and Information Law, University of Freiburg, Germany)
4. Embedding Proportionality in the Fundamental Rights Impact Assessment, Oreste Pollicino and Federica Paolucci (Bocconi University, Italy), Giovanni De Gregorio (CatĂłlica Global School of Law, Portugal), Andrea Cosentini, Andrea Ermellino, Dario Fontanella, Nicole Inverardi, Ilaria Penco, Daniele Regoli and Silvia Tessaro Trapani (Intesa Sanpaolo, Italy)
5. Navigating Transparency Obligations for Companion Chatbots under the European Union AI Act: Evaluation and Policy Directions, Rachael Olaitan Aborishade (Nigerian Bar Association, Nigeria)
6. Watching the Watchers: Health Data, Artificial Intelligence, and the Trans-Atlantic Rebalancing of Privacy Power, Gary Hsuanyu Liu (Washington University School of Law, USA)
7. EUâUS AI Divergences and the Effect on the EUâUS Data Privacy Framework: Call for a Brussels/Sacramento Effect, AnĹže ErbeĹžnik (European Faculty of Law, Slovenia), David E. Harris (University of California, USA) and Owen Doyle (Harris Research Group, USA)
8. Technical Standards: Co-Regulatory Pathways for Digital Policymaking, Emma Semaan (University of Oxford, UK)
9. Transitioning from Portability in the GDPR to Access in the Data Act: A Multidisciplinary Analysis of Data Access by Design, Emanuela Podda (UniversitĂ degli Studi di Milano, Italy), Nicola Leschke (University of Salzburg, Austria), Pierangela Samarati (UniversitĂ degli Studi di Milano, Italy) and Frank Pallas (University of Salzburg, Austria)
Part 3: Practitionersâ Corner
10. Unlocking DPO Happiness: Strategies for C-Level Executives and DPOs, Jolien Ghyselinck (National Institute for Criminalistics and Criminology, Belgium) and Peter Berghmans (Data Protection Institute, Belgium)
11. Empirical Methods for Supervising Algorithmic Profiling Systems, Jurriaan Parie and Ylja Remmits (NGO Algorithm Audit, Netherlands), Brinn Hekkelman and Mark Kattenberg (Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis, Netherlands)
12. Quo Vadis GDPR? Ex Orco Usque ad Coelum: A Call to Fundamentally Reshape GDPR Enforcement Mechanics, Charles Helleputte (King & Spalding, Belgium)
Part 4: EDPS Closing Remarks
13. The World Is Watching â CPDP Conferences â Closing Remarks, Wojciech WiewiĂłrowski (European Data Protection Supervisor, European Union)
Cutting-edge research from the world-leading Computers, Privacy and Data Protection conference (CPDP).
The Computers, Privacy and Data Protection series, now published by Hart, collects multidisciplinary peer-reviewed scientific manuscripts that are the result of papers that have been presented at the international Computers, Privacy and Data Protection conference (CPDP), that takes place every year in Brussels. As a world-leading multidisciplinary conference, CPDP gathers, within an atmosphere of independence and mutual respect, academics, lawyers, practitioners, policy-makers, industry and civil society from all over the world, offering them an arena to exchange ideas and discuss the latest emerging issues and trends.
The series provides cutting edge research on legal, regulatory, academic and technological development in privacy and data protection. The books, which have been published since 2009 with growing success, are comprised of academic research dealing with topics such as recent developments in privacy and data protection law, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary insights in privacy and data protection, privacy by design, privacy enhancing technologies and emerging technologies such as conversational agents, machine-learning algorithms, internet of things and cloud computing. The book series discusses daring and prospective approaches and serves as an insightful resource for readers with an interest in computers, privacy and data protection.
Produktdetaljer
Biografisk notat
Jonas Breuer holds a PhD in Media and Communication Studies from Vrije Universiteit Brussel and a PhD in Social Sciences from Hasselt University, Belgium; he co-directs the CPDP conferences.
Dara Hallinan is a legal academic at FIZ Karlsruhe, Germany.
Paul De Hert is Professor of Law at Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
Manos Roussos is PhD researcher at the Tilburg Institute for Law, Technology, and Society, Tilburg University, the Netherlands.