This edited volume reports the antecedents, foundations, organization, basic principles, and challenges to fourteen European constitutions. They include countries with long-lasting and recently amended constitutions, decentralized or unitary, with different political systems and institutional settings.

1: Ewald Wiederin: The Evolution and Gestalt of the Austrian Constitution 2: David Kosar and Ladislav Vyhnánek: The Evolution and Gestalt of the Czech Constitution 3: Guillaume Tusseau: The Evolution and Gestalt of the French Constitution 4: Susanne Baer: The Evolution and Gestalt of the German Constitution 5: Gábor Halmai: The Evolution and Gestalt of the Hungarian Constitution 6: Sabrina Ragone and Giacomo D Amico: The Evolution and Gestalt of the Italian Constitution 7: Irmantas Jarukaitis: The Evolution and Gestalt of the Lithuanian Constitution 8: Leonard F M Besselink: The Evolution and Gestalt of the Dutch Constitution 9: Michal Szwast, Marcin Szwed and Paulina Starski: The Evolution and Gestalt of the Polish Constitution 10: Bogdan Iancu: The Evolution and Gestalt of the Romanian Constitution 11: Victor Ferreres Comella: The Evolution and Gestalt of the Spanish Constitution 12: Thomas Bull and Iain Cameron: The Evolution and Gestalt of the Swedish Constitution 13: Giovanni Biaggini: The Evolution and Gestalt of the Swiss Constitution 14: Martin Loughlin: The Evolution and Gestalt of the British Constitution

Armin von Bogdandy is Director at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law in Heidelberg and Professor for Public Law at the University in Frankfurt/Main. He graduated in law and philosophy before obtaining a Ph.D. in Freiburg (1988) and qualifying as a professor at the FU Berlin (1996). He has been President of the OECD Nuclear Energy Tribunal as well as a member of the German Science Council (Wissenschaftsrat) and the Scientific Committee of the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. Professor von Bogdandy received a Dr. h.c. from the Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina (2020), the Eötvös Loránd University Budapest, Ungarn (2020), and the Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina (2017). He specializes in the general features of public law, with a focus on its structural changes, be they theoretical, doctrinal, or practical. Peter M. Huber is Justice of the German Federal Constitutional Court and full Professor for Public Law and State Philosophy at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU). Following his studies at the LMU and the University of Geneva he graduated in law (1984), obtained a Ph.D. (1987), and habilitated at the LMU (1991). He previously held, among others, the Chair for Constitutional and Administrative Law, European law, Public Commercial and Environmental Law at the University of Jena (1992-2001), where he also served as dean (1994-1996). Professor Huber served numerous public offices and functions, including being a judge at the Thuringian Higher Administrative Court (1996-2002), a member of the State Court of Bremen (2007-2009), and Minister of the Interior of the Free State of Thuringia (2009-2010). Sabrina Ragone is Associate Professor of Comparative Public Law at the Department of Political and Social Sciences for which she holds the post of Coordinator for International Relations. She is also Senior Research Affiliate of the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law (Heidelberg), where she pursued her research between 2015 and 2017. Previously, she was García Pelayo Fellow at the Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, Madrid (2012-2015) and researcher at the Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (2011-2012). She specializes in comparative methodology, constitutional adjudication, European and Latin American constitutionalism.

An in-depth appraisal of the history and evolution of the constitutions of European states, written by leading scholars from the respective countries, following common parameters Offers an understanding of the intersection between domestic constitutional identities and European law and identity Presents a comparative appraisal of the constitutional foundations, structures, and basic principles of the European Legal Space