In the mid-nineteenth century, chemists came to the conclusion that elements should be organized by their atomic weights. However, the atomic weights of various elements were calculated erroneously, and chemists also observed some anomalies in the properties of other elements. Over time, it became clear that the periodic table as currently comprised contained gaps, missing elements that had yet to be discovered. A rush to discover these missing pieces followed, and a seemingly endless amount of elemental discoveries were proclaimed and brought into laboratories. It wasn't until the discovery of the atomic number in 1913 that chemists were able to begin making sense of what did and what did not belong on the periodic table, but even then, the discovery of radioactivity convoluted the definition of an element further. Throughout its formation, the periodic table has seen false entries, good-faith errors, retractions, and dead ends; in fact, there have been more elemental "discoveries" that have proven false than there are current elements on the table. The Lost Elements: The Shadow Side of Discovery collects the most notable of these instances, stretching from the nineteenth century to the present. The book tells the story of how scientists have come to understand elements, by discussing the failed theories and false discoveries that shaped the path of scientific progress. Chapters range from early chemists' stubborn refusal to disregard alchemy as legitimate practice, to the effects of the atomic number on discovery, to the switch in influence from chemists to physicists, as elements began to be artificially created in the twentieth century. Along the way, Fontani, Costa, and Orna introduce us to the key figures in the development of the periodic table as we know it. And we learn, in the end, that this development was shaped by errors and gaffs as much as by correct assumptions and scientific conclusions.
Les mer
The story of the false entries, good-faith errors, retractions, and mistakes that occurred during the formation of the Periodic Table of Elements as we know it.
Table of Contents ; Part I. Before 1789: Early Errors and Early Elements ; Part II. 1789-1869: From Lavoisier to Mendeleev: The First Errors at the Dawn of Concept ; Part III. 1869-1914: From the Periodic Table to Moseley's Revolution: Rips and Tears in Medeleev's Net ; Part IV. 1914-1939: From Nuclear Classification to the First Accelerators: Chemists' Paradise Lost...(and Physicists' Paradise Regained) ; Part V. 1939 to the Present. Beyond Uranium, to the Stars ; Part VI. No Place for Them in the Periodic Table: Bizarre Elements ; Part VII. Modern Alchemy: The Dream to Transmute the Elements Has Always Been with Us
Les mer
Recommended. All academic, general, and professional history of chemistry collections.
"Rarely has so much been written so authoritatively about things that do not exist. In their marvellous The Lost Elements, chemists Marco Fontani, Mariagrazia Costa and Mary Virginia Orna detail the 'discovery' of dozons of elements that turned out not to be. ... This staggeringly comprehensive, well-researched book weighs in at more than 500 pages, yet does not get bogged down in minutiae." --Nature "I have not read as truly interesting book as this one in decades -- dip into it, open it on any page, and you are immediately drawn into a tale of human ambition, folly, and ...ingenuity. In this lovingly researched book you have the dead ends, the voyages of discovery whose end is certain shipwreck. In The Lost Elements, these failures speak to us. The byways recounted in this book turn into lovely meandering paths, leading to an understanding of how chemistry really works." --Roald Hoffmann, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry and Professor Emeritus of Humane Letters, Cornell University "We all know the official elements, but the periodic table is haunted by ghosts as well--lost elements that made fleeting appearances and then almost disappeared from history. Almost. This delightful omnibus rescues those stories, and collects the "woulda, coulda, shoulda" of every chemist's favorite chart." --Sam Kean, author of The Tale of the Dueling Neurosurgeons and The Disappearing Spoon "The periodic table is the defining image of chemistry but it has a forgotten history of elements that never made it. These were discovered, debated and eventually discarded, but their tales are intriguing. Here is the inside story that recounts the darker side of chemistry and the bitter exchanges between eminent chemists that ensued. This is a unique and impressive work, well researched, and a pleasure to read -- but be prepared for some unsettling surprises." --John Emsley, author of Nature's Building Blocks "The book is a history of the wrong side of chemical discovery and reveals how these errors have helped shape the Periodic Table. The originality of the book is that nobody else has attempted to discuss this before in details. It should be interesting to historian of Science, chemists, physicists, and lay readers." --METALL "Recommended for periodic table scholars or for those chemists who want to better understand how we came to establish our current set of elements." --Library Journal Included in Scientific American's December 2014 Books Round Up. "Marco Fontani, Mariagrazia Costa, and Mary Virginia Orna have not only found a way to tell the story of this ubiquitous but not always fully appreciated table, they have very well managed to make it genuinely intriguing." --The Well-Read Naturalist "Marco Fontani, Mariagrazia Costa, and Mary Virginia Orna have gone to immense efforts to provide a thoroughly comprehensive account of simple errors, wrong turns, rediscoveries, unsubstantiated crazy theories, quackery and even down-right deception... Thank goodness these stories have been brought back to life." --Times Higher Education Supplement "That the authors of this book represented the shadow side of the periodic table without being judgmental is highly remarkable. They have enriched chemistry and taken it to a previously unknown dimension. It becomes difficult sometimes, if you attempt to understand the errors made at the time as mental gymnastics. Also for this reason, The Lost Elements is informative, interesting, and highly entertaining reading." Translated. --Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau "The literature coverage is heroic, with 1500 up-to-date references, often from obscure journals. A volume of serious history to dip into, but there are riches here. If you want to read in detail about anglium, phipsonium, splittium and many others -- and their sometimes exotic discoverers -- this is for you." --Chemistry World "Recommended." --Choice "Overall, this book gives a fascinating insight into an aspect of science that is sometimes overlooked, the recognition and correction of scientific error." --Bulletin for the History of Chemistry "Oxford University Press is to be commended for publishing an important and attractive book at an affordable price. The Lost Elements is a book to be savored, read and reread, because it reveals the real history of chemistry in the form of adventure stories." --Journal of Chemical Education "The Lost Elements is the result of almost two decades of dedicated research and it draws its sources from old newspapers, personal interviews, and even obscure Vatican newsletters. A detailed chronicle of false scientific discoveries might seem pointless at first, yet it is a treasure to anyone interested in how science actually works." --Chemistry International "The book is meticulously researched and fills a void in the history of chemistry... A valuable reference for historians of science and an essential read for anyone with a serious interest in the elements and their discovery." --Distillations, the Chemical Heritage Foundation Magazine
Les mer
Selling point: Tells stories of errors and mistakes in the development of the Periodic Table of Elements, from its conception to the present. Selling point: Covers topics like false discoveries, scientific retractions, and elements removed from the Table.
Les mer
Marco Fontani and Mariagrazia Costa both are affiliated with the Department of Chemistry at the University of Florence. Mary Virginia Orna is Professor of Chemistry at the College of New Rochelle.
Selling point: Tells stories of errors and mistakes in the development of the Periodic Table of Elements, from its conception to the present. Selling point: Covers topics like false discoveries, scientific retractions, and elements removed from the Table.
Les mer

Produktdetaljer

ISBN
9780199383344
Publisert
2014
Utgiver
Vendor
Oxford University Press Inc
Vekt
880 gr
Høyde
237 mm
Bredde
165 mm
Dybde
43 mm
Aldersnivå
U, P, 05, 06
Språk
Product language
Engelsk
Format
Product format
Innbundet
Antall sider
576

Biographical note

Marco Fontani and Mariagrazia Costa both are affiliated with the Department of Chemistry at the University of Florence. Mary Virginia Orna is affiliated with the Department of Chemistry at the College of New Rochelle.