Environmental remediation technology has become a rapidly emerging branch of science in the 21st century. This technology is helping many branches of life sciences in solving the problems. This book therefore presents a holistic view of the complex and dynamic responses of our biodiversity to environmental pollution and their remediation strategies, in particular plant eco physiological adaptations which vary from species to species. The topics in this book are discussed to enlighten adaptation strategies to circumvent the negative impacts of polluting factors based on a large number of observations. The growing number of findings in this field are producing several applications in the fields of remediation of polluting factors in the environment. The book discusses the topics like;  plant-pollutant interactions,  the visible injury in response to boron stress and its genotoxic effects, bioremediation of vanadium, nitrogen pollution, plants and human health, role of halophytes towards soil restoration, nickel uptake, taming food security through wastewater irrigation and its potentiality, deleterious effects and remediation of secondary metabolites in forages,  biosorption of copper using waste yeast, liquorice in the remediation of saline soils, role of duckweed in metal accumulation,  temporal variations in different environmental parameters,  urban plants and air pollution, bioindication and phytoremediation, plants for remediation of organic pollutants. The book also enlightens the research gaps which need to be bridged to achieve larger goals concerning the applications of remediation technology.