In this volume, the effect of nutritional habits and wine consumption on ageing and the main degenerative diseases (cardiovascular, cancer, Alzheimer's, etc.) are considered through the most relevant epidemiological and pharmacological studies. Newly isolated wine polyphenols and tannins are presented and their structures and in vitro biological properties are discussed that could strongly support the hypotheses that those molecules could insure beneficial health effects. This work should be of particular interest to people involved in problems of public health, but also in the wine industry or in wine making, as well as to physicians who are concerned by the difficult question of ageing and its related chronic diseases.