Produktdetaljer
ISBN
9780198508632
Publisert
2002
Utgiver
Oxford University Press
Vekt
686 gr
Høyde
247 mm
Bredde
175 mm
Dybde
23 mm
Aldersnivå
P, 06
Språk
Product language
Engelsk
Format
Product format
Innbundet
Antall sider
332
This excellent collection provides the reader with a comprehensive coverage of findings and theories about how people encode and summarize frequency information. While it is a smorgasbord of self-contained chapters with little cross-referencing (or elaboration of disagreements), the high quality of the vast majority of these chapters yields a cognitive feast. They are written by eminent researchers who have opted to present both recent results and summaries of their most important work - certainly not the feared secondary idea or paper submitted because it would be easier to publish in an edited volume than in critically peer reviewed journal.
Robyn M. Dawes, Charles J. Queenan, Jr. University Professor, Department of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
From childhood, each of us develops our own personal set of theories and beliefs about the world in which we live. Given the impossibility of knowing about every event that can ever take place, we use cognitive short cuts to try to predict and make sense of the world around us. One of the fundamental pieces of information we use to predict future events, and make sense of past events, is 'frequency' - how often has such an event happened to us, or how often have we observed a particular event? With such information we will make inferences about the likelihood of its future appearance. We will make judgements, assess risk, or even consumer decisions, on the basis of this information. We also form associations between events that frequently occur together, and even (often incorrectly) attribute causality between one event and the other as a result of their simultaneous appearance.
How is it though that we process such information? How does our brain deal with information on frequencies? How does such information influence our behaviour, beliefs, and judgements? Important new findings on this topic have come from research within both social and cognitive psychology, though until now, never brought together in a single volume.
This is the first book to bring together two disparate literatures on this topic - drawing on research from both cognitive psychology and social psychology. Including contributions from world leaders in the field, this is a timely, and long overdue volume on this topic.
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This text explores the phenomenon of "frequency" - one of the major cognitive shortcuts we use to help us make sense of the world. Given the impossibility of knowing about every event that can ever take place, such a tool helps us to predict events and make inferences and judgements.
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1. Frequency Processing and Cognition: Introduction and Overview ; THEORETICAL MODELS AND PERSPECTIVES ; 2. Frequency processing: A twenty-five year perspective ; 3. Encoding, representing and estimating event frequencies: A multiple strategy perspective ; 4. In the year 2054: Innumeracy defeated ; 5. Frequency judgements and retrieval structures: Splitting, zooming and merging the units of the empirical world ; 6. Experiential and contextual heuristics in frequency judgement: Ease of recall and response scales ; 7. Tversky and Kahneman's availability approach to frequency judgement: a critical analysis ; 8. A memory models approach to frequency and probability judgement: Applications of Minerva 2 and Minerva-DM ; 9. Associative learning and frequency judgements: The PASS model ; 10. Frequency, contingency and the information processing theory of conditioning ; ESSENTIAL EMPIRICAL RESULTS ; 11. Effects of processing fluency on estimates of probability and frequency ; 12. Frequency judgements of emotions: The cognitive basis of personality assessment ; 13. Online strategies versus memory-based strategies in frequency estimation ; 14. Frequency learning and order effects in belief updating ; 15. The psychophysics metaphor in calibration research ; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS ; 16. Frequency effects in consumer decision making ; 17. Free word associations and the frequency of co-occurrence in language use ; 18. Technology needs Psychology: How natural frequencies foster insight in medical and legal experts ; 19. Frequency processing and cognition: Stock-taking and outlook
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'Frequencies' are fundamental to decision making and risk assessment
This is the first book to be devoted to this topic
Includes contributions from leading researchers in the field
'Frequencies' are fundamental to decision making and risk assessment
This is the first book to be devoted to this topic
Includes contributions from leading researchers in the field
Produktdetaljer
ISBN
9780198508632
Publisert
2002
Utgiver
Oxford University Press
Vekt
686 gr
Høyde
247 mm
Bredde
175 mm
Dybde
23 mm
Aldersnivå
P, 06
Språk
Product language
Engelsk
Format
Product format
Innbundet
Antall sider
332