Engineering applications are rapidly evolving, becoming increasingly complex and data‑driven. Traditional optimization methods often struggle to keep pace, leaving engineers seeking robust and adaptable solutions. Metaheuristics, inspired by natural processes like evolution and ant colonies, help meet this challenge. These powerful algorithms offer flexible optimization tools, capable of tackling intricate problems across diverse engineering domains. Metaheuristics are not just optimization tools; they are catalysts for innovation across diverse engineering disciplines. By understanding their context and potential in each area, we unlock a future where complex problems are tackled efficiently, sustainably, and ethically, paving the way for a brighter and more innovative tomorrow. This book will introduce a range of metaheuristics algorithms and examine their various applications in engineering, including Industrial IoT and Cyber‑Physical Systems, Intelligent Manufacturing, Smart Cities, and Sustainable Technologies. It will be of great interest to professionals and researchers across this domain.