This work offers a fresh look at the paradigmatic foundations and basic theoretical propositions of economics. Twelve authors - each of them with his own distinct contribution to economics - make a step forward by reinterpreting major areas of micro and macroeconomics in line with modern evolutionary thinking. This volume offers a unified approach to economics that allows developments in various strands of evolutionary economics to be integrated and major positions of Neoclassical Economics to be reconsidered. The chapters on "Evolutionary Macro Economics" explore macro areas such as the division of labour and knowledge, technology and institutions, population thinking, meso economics, techno-economic trajectories and industrial sectors. By telescoping structure into time, they highlight the processes of structural change and co-evolution between technologies and institutions, and provide a causal-explanatory core for a modern - evolutionary - theory of economic growth and economic development. The chapters on "Evolutionary Micro Economics" offer insights into the knowledge based theories of the firm and take up the issues of cognitive and behavioural routines. The contributions explore the processes of complex human choice, creativity, and adaptation in selective and path-dependent environments. The discussions make an essential contribution to the cognitive and behavioural foundations of modern institutional economics.