This book explores a diverse spectrum of waste materials, encompassing industrial hazardous and non-hazardous waste, agricultural waste, biomass waste, radioactive waste, municipal solid and liquid waste, as well as e-waste, and investigates their adverse impacts on the environment. It is an exciting exploration of various approaches to waste management, highlighting the importance of adopting sustainable practices such as the 7Rs principle, utilization of nanomaterials and photocatalysis, zero waste management techniques, recycling and upcycling techniques, and IoT-enabled strategies. It provides a critical assessment of the challenges and opportunities in transforming waste into value-added products for the industry. This book is designed to provide constructive insights for researchers, environmentalists, policy makers and professionals engaged in enhancing waste management, fuelling the circular economy, and paving the way for a sustainable future.