1 The World of Antiquity                1.1 Ethics - Religion – Natural Philosophy                 1.2 Primordial Elements and Atomism                                1.2.1 Atomism                                1.2.2 Determinism                 1.3 Measure and Number                                1.3.1 Rules of governance                                1.3.2 Number symbolism                 1.4 Foundation of philosophy                                1.4.1 Moral philosophy: Socrates                                1.4.2 Dual thinking: Plato                                1.4.3 Metaphysics: Aristotle                 1.5 The Cosmos                 1.6 Culture and Arts                                1.6.1 The role of proportions                 1.7 Schools of thought                                1.7.1 Sophists                                1.7.2 Cynicism                                1.7.3 Epicurus                                1.7.4 Stoa                                1.7.5 Skepticism                                1.7.6 Philosophy in the Roman Empire                 1.8 Thinking and Believing                                1.8.1 Holy Scriptures                                1.8.2 Philosophical and religious Ideas                                1.8.3 Patristics                                1.8.4 Scholasticism                                1.8.5 The Cognitive Process                                1.6.6 Infinity of the Universe and Pantheism                 1.9 The rise of Technology                                1.9.1 Machine elements of Leonardo da Vinci                 1.10 The turn to Modern Times  2 Philosophy                 2.1 Dimensions of philosophy                 2.2 Philosophy of being                                2.2.1 Terms                                2.2.2 Categories                                2.2.3 Logic                                2.2.4 Rhetoric                                2.2.5 Space and time                 2.3 Philosophy of the self                                2.3.1 Rationalism                                                2.3.1.1 Descartes                                                2.3.1.2 Spinoza                                                2.3.1.3 Leibniz                                 2.3.2 Empiricism                                                              2.3.2.1 Locke                                                2.3.2.2 Hume                                2.3.3 Enlightenment                                                2.3.3.1 Kant                                2.3.4 Cognition                                2.3.5 Existentialism                 2.4 Philosophy of mind                                 2.4.1 The Absolute                                                2.4.1.1 Fichte                                                2.4.2 2 Schelling                                 2.4.2 Hegelism                                2.4.3 Nietzsche                                2.4.4 Materialism                 2.5 Analytical philosophy                                2.5.1 Logical and linguistic analysis                                2.5.2 Epistemology                                2.5.3 Limits of insight                 2.6 Three-world theory  3 Physics                 3.1 Physics of Matter                                3.1.1 The structure of the atom                                3.1.2 Aggregate states of matter                                                                                                                           3.1.3 Microstructure of materials                 3.2 Physics of space, time and gravity                                3.2.1 Space and time in antiquity                                3.2.2 Space and Time in Classical Mechanics                                                      3.2.3 Fields in space and time                                3.2.4 Relativity of space and time                                3.2.5 Space, time and gravity                                    3.2.6 Quantum gravity: theory of quantization of space and time                                           3.3 Elementary Forces and the Origin of the Universe                                3.3.1 Strong nuclear force                                          3.3.2 Weak nuclear force                                3.3.3 Electromagnetic force                                                      3.3.4 Gravitational force                                3.3.5 Primordial force                                3.3.6 The origin of the universe                 3.4 Measurement in Physics and Technology                                3.4.1 The International System of Units                                3.4.2 Methodology of measurement                                                                                                                  3.4.3 The metrological concept of measurement uncertainty                                                                      3.4.4 Multiple measurement uncertainty                                                                                                      3.4.5 Accuracy of measurements                                                                                                                               3.4.6 Measurement instruments: calibration and accuracy classes                                 3..4.7 Sensors                                                3.4.7.1 Physics of sensors                                                3.4.7.2 Sensor characteristics and sensor types                 3.6 Physical observations                                           3.6.1 Astronomical phenomena                                3.6.2 Optical phenomena                                3.6.3 Mechanical phenomena                                3.6.4 Thermal phenomena                                3.6.5 Electromagnetic phenomena                                3.6.6 Quantum physical phenomena                 3.7 The evolution of physics                                3.7.1 Mechanics                                3.7.2 Relativity                                3.7.3 Heat                                3.7.4 Optics                                3.7.5 Electromagnetism                                3.7.6 Quantum theory                 3.8 The world view of physics                    3.9 Antimatter: A different world 4 Technology                 4.1 Dimensions of technology                 4.2 Fundamentals of technology and engineering                 4.3 The production cycle and basic technologies                                                             4.3.1 Material                                4.3.2 Energy                                4.3.3 Information and digitalization                 4.4 Technical Systems                                4.4.1 General Systems Theory                                4.4.2 Characteristics of technical systems                                4.4.3 Detrimental influences on technical systems                                4.4.4 Structural health monitoring and performance control                                4.4.5 Application of technical systems                 4.5 Tribological Systems                                4.5.1 Function of tribological systems                                4.5.2 Operational parameters of tribological systems                                4.5.3 Structure of tribological systems                                4.5.4 Interactions in tribological systems                                                4.5.4.1 Contact mechanics                                                4.5.4.2 Friction                                                4.5.4.3 Wear                                                4.5.4.4 Lubrication                                4.5.5 Tribotronics                 4.6 Mechatronic Systems                                4.6.1 Principles of Mechatronics                                4.6.2 Application of Mechatronics                                                4.6.2.1 Robot                                                4.6.2.2 Automobile mechatronics                                                4.6.2.3 Computer and smartphone mechatronics                                                4.6.2.4 CD player                                                4.6.2.5 Digital photography                                                4.6.2.6 Inkjet printing                                4.6.3 Micro-mechatronics                                4.6.4 Nano-mechatronics                 4.7 Cyber-physical systems                 4.8 Medical technology                 4.9 Technology in the 21st Century 

This book gives a short presentation of the triad philosophy–physics–technology against the background of the common origin in ancient times. The emergence of the book has been described in the foreword of the first edition. The present second edition of the book is updated and extended, whereby new physical research results and technological innovations were included:  -        The physics of space and time after the experimental detection of gravitational waves (Nobel Prize for Physics 2017). -        The New International System of Units (SI) for Physics and Technology which is completely based on natural constants and entered into force on World Metrology Day, 20 May 2019. -        Actual overview of basic technologies: Material, Energy, Information. -        Technologies for the “Digital World” of information and communication. -        Mechatronic and Cyber-physical systems for Industry 4.0. The significance of technology for the world in the 21st century is discussed in the final section of the book.

Gives a short presentation of the triad philosophy–physics–technology against the background of the common origin in ancient timesDiscusses the significance of technology for the world in the 21st centuryPresents the technologies for the “Digital World” of information and communication