This book covers conventional clinical treatment methods for handling bone, cartilage, and related disorders along with their limitations and highlights the current state of the art of tissue engineering as an alternative for regenerating such defective tissue. Potential biomimetic scaffolding materials and their development, desired properties, modifications, and optimizations are described. The design and advancement in fabrication, characterization, properties, and biological functions of scaffolds, their integration with stem cells, and various bioreactor systems for tissue regeneration are presented. It further reviews in vitro and in vivo (pre-clinical) assessments of tissue constructs, involved translational challenges, and strategies in various stages of neo-tissue production. Features: Discusses the key aspects of generating engineered bone, cartilage, and associated tissues through tissue engineering approach Describes multiple engineering principles, and processes involved in the various stages of developing biomaterials and scaffolds Covers integration of stem cells with scaffolds, including assessment of tissue grafts, and translational strategy Explores key factors influencing tissue graft generation in bioreactors and challenges involved in various stages Includes several exercises including review questions and numerical problems for better understanding of the subject This book is aimed at researchers, students, and professionals in biomedical engineering, tissue engineering, stem cells, biomaterials, and orthopaedics.