This book provides new insights into research surrounding and applications of methodologies for the preparation of antimicrobial coatings. These coatings have the potential to be used in medical textiles and various hospital devices. The utilization of diverse nanoparticles with distinct chemical and morphological properties, optimized through sophisticated mathematical models, underpins the development of antimicrobial properties. The resulting products achieved through state-of-the-art formulations can be applied across a range of surfaces, from woven and nonwoven textiles to 3D-printed biodegradable catheters and injections. The book presents the ability of nanoparticles to reinforce biodegradable polymers’ functionality, even in contact with microorganisms which are resistant to antibiotics, and presents an overview of their occurrence in material science, as well as their green synthesis, application, and their toxicity. This book will be, therefore, of interest to chemists and material science specialists and practitioners, as well as any reader interested in the recent scientific achievements in antimicrobial resistant materials.