Introduction to Hands-On Science and Technology for Ontario, Grade 2 1

• Introduction to Hands-On Science and Technology 2
• Program Introduction 2
• The Inquiry Approach to Science and Technology 2
• 21st Century Teaching and Learning 3
• The Goals of the Science and Technology Program 3
• Hands-On Science and Technology Strands and Expectations 4
• Hands-On Science and Technology Fundamental Concepts and Big Ideas 4
• Hands-On Science and Technology Program Principles 5
• Infusing Indigenous Perspectives 5
• Cultural Connections 7
• Land-Based Learning 7
• Technology 7
• Sustainability 7
• Program Implementation 8
• Program Resources 8
• Classroom Environment 11
• Planning Units—Timelines 12
• Classroom Management 12
• Classroom Safety 12
• Scientific Inquiry Skills: Guidelines for Teachers 12
• Observing 12
• Questioning 13
• Exploring 13
• Classifying 13
• Measuring 14
• Communicating, Analyzing, and Interpreting 14
• Predicting 15
• Inferring 15
• Inquiry Through Investigating and Experimenting 16
• Inquiry Through Research 16
• Online Considerations 17
• Addressing Students’ Early Literacy Needs 17
• Technological Problem Solving 17
• Makerspace 18

The Hands-On Science and Technology Assessment Plan 20

• Assessment for Learning 21
• Assessment as Learning 21
• Assessment of Learning 22
• Performance Assessment 23
• Portfolios 23
• Evidence of Student Achievement Levels for Evaluation 24
• Important Note to Teachers 24
• References 25
• Assessment Reproducibles 26
• Achievement Chart for Science & Technology 41

Unit 1: Growth and Changes in Animals 43

• Introduction 44
• Unit Overview 48
• Curriculum Correlation 49
• Resources for Students 51
• Websites and Videos 53
• 1 What Do We Know About Growth and Changes in Animals? 55
• 2 How Do Humans Grow and Change? 60
• 3 How Can Animals Be Grouped by Observable Characteristics? 64
• 4 What Are Some Other Ways to Group Animals? 70
• 5 How Do Animals Change Throughout Their Lives? 76
• 6 What More Can We Learn About Life Cycles? 82
• 7 What More Can We Learn About Mealworms? 88
• 8 How Can We Compare Adult Animals With Their Offspring? 93
• 9 How Do Animals Care for Their Offspring? 98
• 10 How Do Animals Meet Their Needs? 104
• 11 What Is an Animal Habitat? 108
• 12 How Do the Seasons Affect Animals? 112
• 13 How Do Humans Help and Harm Other Animals? 117
• 14 Inquiry Project: What More Do I Want to Know About How Animals Grow and Change? 123

Unit 2: Movement 127

• Introduction 128
• Unit Overview 131
• Curriculum Correlation 132
• Resources for Students 133
• Websites and Online Videos 134
• 1 What Do We Want to Learn About Movement? 135
• 2 How Can We Describe the Position of an Object? 141
• 3 How Does My Position Change? 146
• 4 How Did That Object Move? 151
• 5 How Do Balls Move? 156
• 6 How Can We Move an Object? 161
• 7 How Does Friction Affect Moving Objects? 165
• 8 How Do Ramps Make Motion Easier? 171
• 9 How Can We Move Loads More Easily? 175
• 10 How Do Wheels and Axles Work Together? 180
• 11 How Will I Design and Build a Toy Truck? 184
• 12 What Can We Learn About Other Simple Machines? 187
• 13 Inquiry Project: What Else Do I Want to Know About Movement? 191

Unit 3: Properties of Liquids and Solids 195

• Introduction 196
• Unit Overview 199
• Curriculum Correlation 200
• Resources for Students 201
• Websites and Online Videos 202
• 1 What Do I Know About Solids and Liquids? 203
• 2 What Are Solids and Liquids? 207
• 3 What Are Some More Properties of Liquids? 213
• 4 Can Liquids Mix and Stay Mixed? 220
• 5 What Happens to Sugar When It Is Mixed With a Liquid? 225
• 6 Do All Solids Dissolve in Liquids? 230
• 7 Which Materials Are Best for Absorbing Liquids? 235
• 8 How Can We Combine Solids and Liquids to Make Useful Products? 241
• 9 How Do We Stay Safe When Using Liquids and Solids? 246
• 10 How Does Water Change From a Solid to a Liquid and From a Liquid to a Solid? 251
• 11 Why Do Some Objects Float? 256
• 12 How Can I Design an Object That Floats? 262
• 13 Inquiry Project: What More Do I Want to Learn About Solids and Liquids? 268

Unit 4: Air and Water in the Environment 273

• Introduction 274
• Unit Overview 277
• Curriculum Correlation 278
• Resources for Students 279
• Websites and Online Videos 281
• 1 What Do We Know About Air and Water? 284
• 2 What Are the Properties of Air? 289
• 3 How Does Air Move Objects? 294
• 4 How Do Wind-Powered Devices Work? 300
• 5 What Are the Effects of Changes in Air Temperature? 305
• 6 What Forms of Water Are Found on Earth? 310
• 7 How Does Water Move Through the Water Cycle? 314
• 8 What Factors Help Things to Dry More Quickly? 320
• 9 What Are Sources of Safe Drinking Water? 325
• 10 How Can We Use Water Wisely? 330
• 11 How Can We Keep Our Air and Water Clean? 335
• 12 Inquiry Project: What Else Do I Want to Learn About Air and Water? 340
• References 344

Appendix: Image Banks 347
About the Contributors 358